Q: A pie chart is used to display the results of a survey on favorite ice cream flavors. If 25% of respondents chose chocolate, what angle should the chocolate slice be in the pie chart? Use $$ \text{Angle} = \text{Percentage} \times 360^\circ .$$

$$ 0.25 \times 360 = 90^\circ $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between qualitative and quantitative data as used in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data are labels or categories, while quantitative data are numerical values.

Question 2

A frequency distribution table is constructed for the number of minutes students spend studying for an exam. If the lowest value is 15 and the highest value is 95, and you want 5 classes, what is the class width? Use the formula $$ 	ext{Class Width} = \frac{	ext{Max} - 	ext{Min}}{	ext{Number of Classes}} $$ and round up to the next whole number.

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{95 - 15}{5} = 16 $$, so class width is 16 (rounded up from 16)

Question 3

Which type of graph is most appropriate for displaying the distribution of a categorical variable such as hair color?

Accepted Answer

Bar Chart

Question 4

Given the following frequency distribution for travel time to work (in minutes):

| 0-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | 36-45 | 46-55 |
|------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
| 120  | 243   | 350   | 178   | 109   |

What is the class width?

Accepted Answer

$$ 15 $$

Question 5

A histogram is constructed using the following frequency distribution:

| Class Interval | Frequency |
|----------------|----------|
| 10-19          | 5        |
| 20-29          | 12       |
| 30-39          | 8        |
| 40-49          | 3        |

Which class interval contains the mode?

Accepted Answer

20-29

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a frequency polygon?

Accepted Answer

A graph that connects class midpoints with line segments to show the distribution of data.

Question 7

A pie chart is used to display the results of a survey on favorite ice cream flavors. If 25% of respondents chose chocolate, what angle should the chocolate slice be in the pie chart? Use $$ 	ext{Angle} = 	ext{Percentage} 	imes 360^\circ .$$

Accepted Answer

$$ 0.25 	imes 360 = 90^\circ $$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a histogram?

Accepted Answer

It is used for categorical data.

Question 9

A time-series graph is most useful for which of the following scenarios?

Accepted Answer

Displaying the trend of average monthly gas prices over a year.

Question 10

If a dataset has a minimum value of 10, a maximum value of 71, and you want to create 7 classes, what is the class width? Use $$ 	ext{Class Width} = \frac{	ext{Max} - 	ext{Min}}{	ext{Number of Classes}} $$ and round up.

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{71 - 10}{7} = 8.71 $$, so class width is 9

Question 11

Which of the following graphs would be most appropriate to display the number of pets owned by students in a class?

Accepted Answer

Dotplot

Question 12

A bar graph is constructed to compare the number of students with different hair colors in two classrooms. What does the height of each bar represent?

Accepted Answer

The frequency (number) of students with that hair color.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a stem-and-leaf plot?

Accepted Answer

A plot that displays data by splitting each value into a 'stem' and a 'leaf'.

Question 14

A frequency polygon is constructed from a frequency distribution. What is plotted on the x-axis?

Accepted Answer

Class midpoints

Question 15

Which of the following is a key step in constructing a frequency distribution from raw data?

Accepted Answer

Determine the number of classes and calculate class width.

Question 16

If a histogram is skewed right, what does this indicate about the data?

Accepted Answer

Most data values are concentrated on the left side with a long tail to the right.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about a Pareto chart?

Accepted Answer

It displays data in order of decreasing frequency.

Question 18

A time-series graph shows the number of ice cream cones sold each month for a year. If the graph shows a steady upward trend, what does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Sales are increasing over time.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct formula for calculating the relative frequency of a class?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Relative Frequency} = \frac{	ext{Class Frequency}}{	ext{Total Frequency}} $$

Exploring Data with Tables and Graphs – Study Notes

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Study Guide - Flashcards