Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population includes all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts of interest, while a sample is a subset of the population.

Question 2

A researcher surveys 1,000 U.S. adults and finds that 23% do not know how many years their retirement savings might last. What is the population in this study?

Accepted Answer

All U.S. adults.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average age of all people in the United States.

Question 4

A study reports that 18% of adults from a sample of 1,502 U.S. adults earning less than $30,000 annually do not use the Internet. Which of the following is a correct inference using inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

18% of all U.S. adults earning less than $30,000 annually do not use the Internet.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Eye color of students in a classroom.

Question 6

Which level of measurement allows for meaningful ratios and has a true zero point?

Accepted Answer

Ratio level

Question 7

A list of movie genres (Action, Adventure, Comedy, Drama, Horror) is an example of which level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 8

Which of the following data sets is at the interval level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Years in which the New York Yankees won the World Series.

Question 9

A researcher collects the weights of newborn babies in a hospital. Which level of measurement is this data?

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Question 10

Which of the following statements about descriptive and inferential statistics is correct?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics involves summarizing and displaying data, while inferential statistics involves drawing conclusions about a population based on sample data.

Question 11

A survey of 834 employees in the U.S. found that 517 said their jobs were highly stressful. Which of the following is the sample statistic?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{517}{834}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of data at the nominal level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Data can be arranged in order.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of ordinal data?

Accepted Answer

Movie ratings: G, PG, PG-13, R, NC-17

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A numerical description of a sample characteristic.

Question 15

A researcher wants to know the average number of hours all college students in the U.S. spend studying per week. She surveys 500 students from 10 universities. What is the parameter in this context?

Accepted Answer

The average number of hours all college students in the U.S. spend studying per week.

Question 16

Which of the following is a quantitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Number of head injuries treated in U.S. emergency rooms.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about the interval level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Differences between data entries are meaningful, but there is no true zero.

Question 18

A study finds that the average SAT math score for a university's freshman class is 514. Is this value a parameter or a statistic?

Accepted Answer

Parameter, because it describes the entire freshman class.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of data at the ratio level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Home run totals by team in a baseball season.

Question 20

A researcher records the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit for each day in July. Which level of measurement is this data?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Foundations of Statistics: Populations, Samples, Data Types, and Levels of Measurement

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