Question 1

A researcher collects the heights (in centimeters) of every student in a university. Is this data set a population or a sample?

Accepted Answer

Population

Question 2

A survey of 50 randomly selected gym members from a large gym finds an average workout duration of 48 minutes. Is this value a parameter or a statistic?

Accepted Answer

Statistic

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

The favorite color of each student in a class

Question 4

Which of the following is a discrete quantitative variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars sold by a dealership in a day

Question 5

A hospital records the birth weights of newborns. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Question 6

Participants rate their satisfaction on a scale from 1 to 5. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 7

A student records the temperature of water at multiple points during an experiment and claims the water is twice as hot at 80°F as it was at 40°F. Why is this calculation incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Temperature in Fahrenheit is an interval variable, so ratios are meaningless

Question 8

Which level of measurement can describe both qualitative and quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 9

A regional store manager randomly selects half of their locations to stay open an extra hour and compares profits. Is this an experiment or an observational study, and can causation be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Experiment; causation can be inferred

Question 10

A store surveys its target demographic and finds that 86% would purchase a product after heavy advertising. Is this an experiment or an observational study, and can causation be concluded?

Accepted Answer

Observational study; causation cannot be concluded

Question 11

Which sampling method involves dividing the population into groups with similar characteristics and then randomly selecting subjects from each group?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 12

A bakery tests every 12th cookie produced for quality. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 13

A quality control manager selects three random cases of units at the end of the day and tests all units in one of the cases. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 14

A university surveys 50 random undergraduates and 50 random graduate students. What sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a representative sample?

Accepted Answer

A sample that has the same proportion of characteristics as the population

Question 16

A quality control manager selects every tenth unit produced on the line for inspection. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 17

A researcher uses a random number generator to select 100 out of 1500 units produced in a day for testing. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a simple random sample?

Accepted Answer

Subjects are chosen based on convenience

Question 19

A hospital records the severity of symptoms as mild, moderate, or severe. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 20

A company wants to test if a new app leads to weight loss. Should they run an observational study or an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Introduction to Statistics and Collecting Data: Mini-Textbook Study Notes

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