Question 1

A pharmaceutical company wants to estimate the average cholesterol level of adults in a city. They randomly select 10 clinics, then randomly select 20 patients from each clinic to measure their cholesterol levels. Which sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Multi-stage sampling

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

Blood sugar level measured in mmol/L

Question 3

A researcher wants to ensure that both male and female students are adequately represented in a study about academic stress. She divides the students by gender and randomly selects participants from each group in proportion to their presence in the population. Which sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nominal variables?

Accepted Answer

They have units of measurement

Question 5

A hospital administrator wants to predict the average number of beds needed next year based on last year's admission data. Which type of statistics is being applied?

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics

Question 6

Which of the following is a key advantage of random sampling over non-random sampling?

Accepted Answer

It ensures the sample is more likely to be representative of the population

Question 7

A researcher surveys the first 100 people who enter a shopping mall to study consumer preferences. Which sampling method is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 8

Which of the following variables is best classified as ordinal?

Accepted Answer

Education level (primary, secondary, tertiary)

Question 9

A quality control manager inspects every 10th tablet produced on a manufacturing line. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

To summarize and describe the main features of a data set

Question 11

A researcher divides a city into neighborhoods and randomly selects several neighborhoods. All households in the selected neighborhoods are surveyed. Which sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 12

Which of the following is a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

Number of asthma attacks in a month

Question 13

A researcher wants to estimate the average height of university students. She uses a computer to randomly select 200 students from the university database. Which sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 14

Which of the following is a non-probability sampling method that attempts to match the proportions of certain groups in the population, but selects subjects based on convenience?

Accepted Answer

Quota sampling

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample?

Accepted Answer

A population is the entire group of interest, while a sample is a subset actually studied

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Estimating the average blood pressure of all adults in a country based on a sample

Question 17

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new drug. She divides the population into age groups and randomly selects subjects from each group. What is the main advantage of this approach?

Accepted Answer

It ensures each age group is adequately represented

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a step in the statistical process as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring variation among variables

Question 19

Which of the following statements about cluster sampling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

All subjects within selected clusters are included in the sample

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe data, while inferential statistics make generalizations about a population based on a sample

Introduction to Statistics: Key Concepts, Sampling Methods, and Types of Variables

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