Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a parameter and a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A parameter describes a characteristic of a population, while a statistic describes a characteristic of a sample.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new medication on blood pressure. She randomly assigns 100 patients to receive the medication and 100 to receive a placebo, without knowing which group is which. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Double-blind experiment

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a stratified sample?

Accepted Answer

Randomly selecting 10 students from each grade level in a high school.

Question 4

A survey asks 2,000 randomly selected adults in the U.S. about their exercise habits. What is the population in this study?

Accepted Answer

All adults in the U.S.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of quantitative, continuous data?

Accepted Answer

The heights of students in a classroom

Question 6

A poll asks people to rate their satisfaction with a service as 'very satisfied', 'satisfied', 'neutral', or 'dissatisfied'. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of sampling bias?

Accepted Answer

Selecting survey participants from only one neighborhood in a city.

Question 8

A researcher collects data on the years in which the New York Yankees won the World Series. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a cluster sample?

Accepted Answer

Dividing the population into groups, randomly selecting some groups, and surveying all members of those groups.

Question 10

A news article claims that a new diet is effective because three people lost weight using it. What type of evidence is this?

Accepted Answer

Anecdotal evidence

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of self-interest bias?

Accepted Answer

A company funds a study about its own product and only publishes positive results.

Question 12

Which of the following is a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of books on a shelf

Question 13

A researcher wants to know if there is a relationship between shoe size and height. What type of data are these variables?

Accepted Answer

Both are quantitative

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of nonresponse bias?

Accepted Answer

Many people chosen for a survey do not answer the questions.

Question 15

A study collects the favorite colors of 100 children. What type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Categorical (qualitative)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a simple random sample?

Accepted Answer

Every possible sample of size $$n$$ has the same chance of being chosen.

Question 17

A researcher records the number of home runs hit by each team in a baseball league. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

A researcher only looks for data that supports their hypothesis.

Question 19

A survey asks people to list their favorite month for vacation. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 20

A study collects the body temperatures of a sample of mice. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Introductory Statistics Ch. 1: Gathering and Classifying Data

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