Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a population and a sample, as illustrated in the first image (red and blue people)?

Accepted Answer

A sample is a subset of the population.

Question 2

The second image shows a flower with petals of different colors. If a survey asks for a person's favorite color, what type of data is being collected?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative (categorical) data

Question 3

The third image is an eye. If a study records the eye color of each participant, what is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 4

The fourth image is a die. If you record the outcome of each roll, what type of data are you collecting?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, discrete data

Question 5

The fifth image shows a group of people. If you count the number of people in a classroom, what type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, discrete data

Question 6

The sixth image is a clock. If you record the time it takes for a runner to finish a race, what type of data are you collecting?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, continuous data

Question 7

The seventh image is a thermometer. If you record the temperature in degrees Celsius, what is the level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Question 8

The eighth image is a bar graph. If the x-axis represents star ratings (1 to 5) and the y-axis represents the number of customers, what is the level of measurement for the x-axis?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 9

If you randomly select every 5th person entering a store to participate in a survey, which sampling method are you using?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 10

If you divide a population into groups based on gender and then randomly select equal numbers from each group, which sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 11

If you randomly select one classroom from each grade in a school and survey all students in those classrooms, which sampling method are you using?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 12

A researcher records the favorite menu item of each customer at a diner. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 13

A hospital records the birth weights of newborns. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Question 14

A survey asks participants to rate their satisfaction on a scale from 1 to 5. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 15

A company uses a random number generator to select 20 employees from a list of 200 for a survey. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 16

A researcher observes the sleep habits of college students without intervening. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Observational study

Question 17

A scientist gives one group of plants fertilizer and another group no fertilizer, then measures their growth. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a quantitative data set?

Accepted Answer

The brands of smartphones owned by students

Question 19

Which of the following is a discrete quantitative data set?

Accepted Answer

The number of goals scored by a soccer team in a match

Question 20

A student records the temperature of water at multiple points during an experiment and claims the water became twice as hot when the temperature doubled. Why is this calculation incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit is an interval level of measurement, so ratios are not meaningful.

Introductory Statistics: Foundations and Data Collection

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