Question 1

Which of the following best describes a census in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Data collected from every member of the population.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the eating habits of all college students in the U.S. She surveys 500 students from her university. What is the sample in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The 500 students surveyed from her university.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of undercoverage bias?

Accepted Answer

Excluding people without internet access from a survey about online shopping.

Question 4

In the Chicago Tribune poll of 1948, which type of bias was primarily responsible for the inaccurate prediction?

Accepted Answer

Sampling bias in the form of undercoverage.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about random samples is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Random samples ensure every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 6

A survey asks, 'Do you agree that the new policy is unfair?' Which type of bias might this question introduce?

Accepted Answer

Response bias due to wording bias.

Question 7

Which of the following best defines statistical inference?

Accepted Answer

The process of using data from a sample to gain information about a population.

Question 8

A sample is said to have self-selection bias when:

Accepted Answer

Individuals choose to participate, often because they feel strongly about the topic.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a type of sampling bias?

Accepted Answer

Response bias.

Question 10

A researcher uses a random number generator to select participants from a list of all students. What type of sample is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sample (SRS).

Question 11

Which of the following statements about sample size is correct?

Accepted Answer

Sample size is represented by the letter $$n.$$

Question 12

A survey is conducted by asking only students who are present in the library at 10 PM. What type of sample is this?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sample.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of response bias?

Accepted Answer

Participants giving inaccurate answers due to social desirability.

Question 14

A poll is conducted by sending emails to all registered voters, but only 5% respond. What type of bias is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Nonresponse bias.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding bias and variability?

Accepted Answer

Sample results vary due to random variability, but bias cannot be accounted for mathematically.

Question 16

Anecdotal evidence is considered unreliable in scientific studies because:

Accepted Answer

It is based on personal observation or convenience samples, not systematic data collection.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a simple random sample (SRS) of size $$n$$?

Accepted Answer

Each group of size $$n$$ has an equal chance of being the selected sample.

Question 18

If a sample is random and there is no response bias, what can be said about the sample results?

Accepted Answer

They are not likely to be very different from the population results.

Question 19

A nurse tells patients, 'This will only hurt a bit,' before administering a shot. What type of bias might this introduce?

Accepted Answer

Response bias due to wording bias.

Question 20

Which of the following is a key requirement for a sample to be considered random?

Accepted Answer

Chance is used in a formal way to select the sample.

Sampling from a Population: Concepts and Biases in Data Collection

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