Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the percent change from an old value to a new value?

$$ \frac{\text{new value} - \text{old value}}{\text{old value}} \times 100\% $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a 'statistic' in the context of statistics?

Accepted Answer

A numerical value that describes a characteristic of a sample.

Question 2

A researcher wants to know the average height of all students at a university. She measures the heights of 200 randomly selected students. What is the sample in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The 200 randomly selected students.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a nominal level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Student ID numbers.

Question 4

A hospital records the blood types (A, B, AB, O) of its patients. What level of measurement is this?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 5

Which sampling method is being used if a researcher divides a population into groups based on age and then randomly selects individuals from each group?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 6

A teacher wants to know the average test score of her class. She calculates the mean score of all students. Which term best describes this value?

Accepted Answer

Population parameter

Question 7

Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars in a parking lot.

Question 8

A researcher records the number of goals scored by each soccer team in a tournament. What type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Discrete

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between a parameter and a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A parameter describes a population, while a statistic describes a sample.

Question 10

If a data set contains the values 2, 4, 4, 6, 8, what is the mean?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{2+4+4+6+8}{5} = 4.8 $$

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an ordinal variable?

Accepted Answer

Movie ratings (1 star, 2 stars, 3 stars, 4 stars, 5 stars)

Question 12

A company wants to estimate the average salary of its employees. They randomly select every 10th employee from a list. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 13

Which of the following is a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

Height of students in a class

Question 14

If a data set has the values 3, 7, 7, 9, 10, what is the mode?

Accepted Answer

7

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a histogram?

Accepted Answer

A graph that displays data using bars to represent frequencies of intervals.

Question 16

A researcher wants to compare the average test scores of students in two different schools. Which type of variable is 'school'?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the percent change from an old value to a new value?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{	ext{new value} - 	ext{old value}}{	ext{old value}} 	imes 100\% $$

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a situation where cluster sampling would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Randomly selecting entire classrooms from a school and surveying all students in those classrooms.

Question 19

A data set contains the following values: 5, 8, 12, 15, 20. What is the median?

Accepted Answer

12

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between 'percent of' and 'percent change'?

Accepted Answer

'Percent of' compares a part to a whole, while 'percent change' measures the increase or decrease from one value to another.

Study Guide: Key Topics for Statistics Exam (MTH 155)

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