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Diagonal Electrophoresis definitions

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  • Diagonal Electrophoresis
    Technique using two-dimensional SDS–PAGE to reveal disulfide-linked peptides by comparing fragment mobility before and after bond cleavage.
  • Disulfide Bond
    Covalent linkage between cysteine residues, crucial for protein stability, detected by altered migration in diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Cysteine
    Amino acid with a thiol group, forms disulfide bonds that influence protein structure and are mapped by diagonal electrophoresis.
  • SDS–PAGE
    Gel electrophoresis method separating protein fragments by size, used in both steps of diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Performic Acid
    Chemical agent that cleaves disulfide bonds in proteins, enabling identification of linked peptides in diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Peptide Fragment
    Protein segment generated by cleavage, whose migration pattern in gels reveals presence or absence of disulfide bonds.
  • Interchain Disulfide
    Bond connecting cysteines on separate polypeptide chains, identified by faster migration below the diagonal after cleavage.
  • Intrachain Disulfide
    Bond linking cysteines within the same polypeptide chain, detected by slower migration above the diagonal after cleavage.
  • Diagonal Line
    Pattern in two-dimensional gel where peptides without disulfide bonds align, indicating unchanged mobility after bond cleavage.
  • Protein Sequencing
    Process applied to isolated fragments to determine cysteine bond positions, clarifying protein conformation.
  • Native Protein
    Original folded structure containing intact disulfide bonds, subjected to fragmentation in diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Quaternary Structure
    Level of protein organization influenced by interchain disulfide bonds, revealed through diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Mobility
    Distance traveled by protein fragments in gel, altered by disulfide bond cleavage and used to distinguish peptide types.
  • Peptidase
    Enzyme used to cleave proteins into fragments, facilitating analysis of disulfide bonds in diagonal electrophoresis.
  • Band
    Visual representation of protein fragments in gel, indicating presence or absence of disulfide bonds based on position.