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Fibrous and Globular Proteins definitions

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  • Fibrous Proteins
    Insoluble molecules arranged in long strands or sheets, typically with one secondary structure, serving mainly structural roles.
  • Globular Proteins
    Soluble molecules with complex tertiary structures, often spherical, functioning primarily as enzymes and regulators.
  • Alpha Helix
    Spiral-shaped secondary structure commonly found in structural proteins, stabilized by hydrogen bonds along the backbone.
  • Beta Sheet
    Sheet-like secondary structure formed by extended polypeptide chains, often seen in silk fibroin, stabilized by hydrogen bonding.
  • Tertiary Structure
    Overall three-dimensional folding of a protein, determined by interactions among secondary structures and side chains.
  • Alpha Keratin
    Mammalian structural protein in hair, skin, and nails, composed mainly of alpha helices forming coiled coils and filaments.
  • Collagen
    Structural protein in connective tissues, consisting of three intertwined chains, providing support without alpha helices.
  • Silk Fibroin
    Protein produced by insects, characterized by anti-parallel beta sheets, forming strong, flexible fibers in spider webs.
  • Coiled Coil
    Motif where two alpha helices wrap around each other, contributing to the structural integrity of alpha keratin.
  • Protofilament
    Assembly of multiple coiled coils, forming a larger structural unit within alpha keratin filaments.
  • Secondary Structure
    Local folding patterns in proteins, such as alpha helices and beta sheets, stabilized by backbone hydrogen bonds.
  • Motif
    Recurring structural element within proteins, often contributing to their overall stability and function.
  • Connective Tissue
    Biological material including cartilage, tendons, and bones, rich in structural proteins like collagen.
  • Spherical Shape
    Compact, rounded form typical of globular proteins, resulting from complex folding and multiple secondary structures.
  • Anti-parallel Beta Sheet
    Arrangement of beta strands running in opposite directions, creating strong hydrogen bonding in silk fibroin.