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Peptide Group definitions

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  • Peptide Bond
    An amide covalent linkage with partial double bond character, restricting rotation and contributing to protein backbone rigidity.
  • Peptide Group
    A set of six atoms including the peptide bond, carbonyl, amino, and two alpha carbons, forming a planar unit in protein structure.
  • Carbonyl Group
    A functional group within the peptide group, consisting of a carbon double-bonded to oxygen, contributing to resonance and polarity.
  • Amino Group
    A nitrogen-containing group adjacent to the peptide bond, involved in resonance and partial charge distribution within the peptide group.
  • Alpha Carbon
    The central carbon atom in an amino acid, flanking the peptide group and connecting to the R group.
  • Resonance
    Electron delocalization within the peptide group, resulting in partial double bond character and polarization of the peptide bond.
  • Partial Double Bond Character
    A property of the peptide bond due to resonance, causing restricted rotation and maintaining planarity of the peptide group.
  • Planarity
    A structural feature where all atoms of the peptide group lie in the same plane, enforced by the double bond nature of the peptide bond.
  • Trans Conformation
    A spatial arrangement where bulky groups are on opposite sides of the peptide bond, favored due to reduced steric hindrance.
  • Cis Conformation
    A spatial arrangement where bulky groups are on the same side of the peptide bond, less favorable due to increased steric hindrance.
  • Steric Hindrance
    Physical crowding of atoms or groups, influencing the preference for trans over cis conformation in peptide groups.
  • Proline Residue
    An amino acid with a cyclic R group, allowing both cis and trans conformations in peptide groups due to similar steric effects.
  • Dipole Moment
    A separation of charge across the peptide bond, resulting from resonance and partial charges on the carbonyl oxygen and amino nitrogen.
  • Protein Backbone
    A linear chain of peptide groups, whose flexibility is limited by the partial double bond character of peptide bonds.
  • R Group
    A side chain attached to the alpha carbon, varying among amino acids and affecting steric interactions in peptide group conformations.