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Salting Out definitions

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  • Salting Out
    Technique exploiting decreased protein solubility at high salt levels, causing selective precipitation for purification.
  • Salting In
    Process where moderate salt weakens protein-protein interactions, increasing solubility and dissolving aggregates.
  • Protein Solubility
    Property reflecting how proteins dissolve in solution, influenced by salt concentration and amino acid composition.
  • Ammonium Sulfate
    Preferred salt for protein precipitation due to its effectiveness in reducing solubility and forming protein pellets.
  • Polar Charged Amino Acids
    Residues located on protein surfaces, responsible for strong interactions and aggregation at low salt levels.
  • Protein Precipitate
    Aggregated, insoluble form of proteins resulting from strong surface interactions or high salt competition.
  • Supernatant
    Liquid phase above the pellet after centrifugation, containing dissolved proteins not precipitated by salt.
  • Pellet
    Dense collection of precipitated proteins at the bottom of a centrifuge tube, separated from the supernatant.
  • Solubility Curve
    Graphical representation showing how protein solubility changes with varying salt concentrations.
  • Sedimentation Coefficient
    Value indicating how quickly a protein precipitate settles during centrifugation, increased by aggregation.
  • Centrifugation
    Method used to separate precipitated proteins from dissolved ones by spinning samples at high speed.
  • Hydration
    Process where water molecules surround proteins, maintaining their solubility until salt reduces available water.
  • Ionic Bond
    Strong electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged amino acid residues, promoting aggregation.
  • Protein Purification
    Strategy involving sequential steps, including salting out, to isolate target proteins from complex mixtures.
  • Solvent Interaction
    Association between proteins and water molecules, disrupted by high salt, leading to precipitation.