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Population Demography definitions

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  • Demography
    Statistical analysis of population characteristics, focusing on size, structure, distribution, and factors influencing changes.
  • Population Size
    Total number of individuals within a defined group, crucial for understanding trends and dynamics.
  • Population Structure
    Composition of a group based on attributes like age or sex, shaping demographic patterns.
  • Population Distribution
    Spatial arrangement of individuals within a defined area, affecting interactions and resource use.
  • Birth Rate
    Frequency of new individuals produced in a group, impacting overall growth and dynamics.
  • Death Rate
    Proportion of individuals dying within a specific time frame, influencing population decline.
  • Migration
    Movement of individuals into or out of a group, altering size and genetic composition.
  • Life Table
    Comprehensive chart summarizing survivorship, mortality, and reproductive rates for a cohort.
  • Cohort
    Group of same-species individuals born around the same time, tracked for demographic analysis.
  • Survivorship
    Proportion of a group remaining alive at the start of each age interval, reflecting longevity.
  • Mortality Rate
    Fraction of individuals dying between age intervals, indicating risk at different life stages.
  • Fecundity
    Average number of female offspring produced per female, highlighting reproductive capacity.
  • Survivorship Curve
    Graphical plot showing the number of living individuals in a cohort across age groups.
  • Logarithmic Scale
    Nonlinear axis used in graphs to display a wide range of values, common in survivorship curves.
  • Type 1 Survivorship Curve
    Pattern with low early mortality and increased death rates in older age, typical of humans.
  • Type 2 Survivorship Curve
    Pattern with constant mortality throughout life, resulting in a straight-line graph.
  • Type 3 Survivorship Curve
    Pattern with high early mortality and lower death rates for survivors, common in many amphibians.