Q: Which equation would you use to calculate the rate of change in a population with a carrying capacity?

$$\frac{dN}{dt} = r_{\text{max}}N\left(\frac{K-N}{K}\right)$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of cross-fostering in birds, and what is a potential consequence for the offspring's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Cross-fostering is when eggs are incubated in the nest of another species, which may result in the offspring imprinting on the foster species and being unable to mate with their own species.

Question 2

Refer to the metabolic pathway diagram. Which macromolecule cannot be directly used by heterotrophs for energy production?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acids

Question 3

Based on the metabolic pathway diagram, where do fatty acids from lipids enter the cellular respiration pathway?

Accepted Answer

Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

Question 4

Given the population growth equation $$\frac{dN}{dt} = B - D$$, what does $$B$$ represent?

Accepted Answer

Birth rate

Question 5

Using the exponential growth equation $$\frac{dN}{dt} = r_{	ext{max}}N$$, if $$r_{	ext{max}} = 0.2$$ and $$N = 500$$, what is the population growth rate?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{dN}{dt} = 100$$

Question 6

A population of 1000 individuals has a per capita birth rate $$b = 0.3$$ and a per capita death rate $$d = 0.1. $$What is the per capita rate of increase $$r$$?

Accepted Answer

$$r = 0.2$$

Question 7

Using the logistic growth equation $$\frac{dN}{dt} = r_{	ext{max}}N\left(\frac{K-N}{K}ight)$$, if $$r_{	ext{max}} = 0.5$$, $$N = 200$$, and $$K = 400$$, what is the population size after one generation?

Accepted Answer

250

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the effect of removing a keystone species from an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

The ecosystem collapses due to the disproportionate effect of the keystone species.

Question 9

Using Simpson’s Diversity Index $$1 - \sum \left(\frac{n}{N}\$$right)^2$$, calculate the diversity index for a community with 10 penguins and 5 monkeys.

Accepted Answer

0.45

Question 10

Which of the following is a density-independent factor affecting population growth?

Accepted Answer

Earthquake

Question 11

If a population of fish in a pond is 500, and 200 more are added, but the carrying capacity is 600 with a rate of increase of 0.25, what is the population size after one generation using the logistic growth equation?

Accepted Answer

670.84

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why invasive species often experience exponential growth in a new environment?

Accepted Answer

They have no natural predators and unlimited resources.

Question 13

Which of the following interactions is characterized as +/+?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Question 14

What is the main reason why smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate per unit body mass compared to larger animals?

Accepted Answer

They have a higher surface area to volume ratio, leading to greater heat loss.

Question 15

Which property of water allows for cooling from sweat in mammals?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 16

Which of the following best describes an adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A genetic variation favored by selection that provides an advantage in a particular environment.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a way organisms communicate with each other?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of density-dependent factors on population growth rate?

Accepted Answer

As population size increases, growth rate decreases.

Question 19

What is the effect on the kelp population if sea otters (a keystone species) decrease?

Accepted Answer

Sea urchins increase, kelp decreases.

Question 20

Which equation would you use to calculate the rate of change in a population with a carrying capacity?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{dN}{dt} = r_{	ext{max}}N\left(\frac{K-N}{K}ight)$$

Animal Behavior, Energy Flow, Population and Community Ecology

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