Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between dioecious and monoecious animal species?

Accepted Answer

Dioecious species have separate sexes, while monoecious species (hermaphrodites) have both male and female reproductive organs in the same individual.

Question 2

In the animal life cycle, which stage is the first haploid cell produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Gamete

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct sequence of early embryonic development in animals?

Accepted Answer

Zygote → Morula → Blastula → Gastrula

Question 4

Which of the following statements about oogenesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Only one of the four daughter cells from meiosis becomes a functional ovum.

Question 5

Which type of egg has a moderate amount of yolk concentrated at one end, known as the vegetal pole?

Accepted Answer

Mesolecithal egg

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why sexual reproduction leads to greater genetic variation than asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Sexual reproduction involves meiosis and recombination, which shuffle genetic material.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction in animals that does NOT involve gametes?

Accepted Answer

Budding in hydra

Question 8

In Hymenoptera (bees, ants, wasps), what is the ploidy of males and how are they produced?

Accepted Answer

Males are haploid and produced by unfertilized eggs.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes protandry in sequential hermaphrodites?

Accepted Answer

Individuals start life as males and later become females.

Question 10

During fertilization in mammals, what is the function of the cortical reaction?

Accepted Answer

To prevent polyspermy by modifying the egg's outer layer

Question 11

Which of the following is a key event during gastrulation in animal development?

Accepted Answer

Formation of the blastopore

Question 12

Which germ layer gives rise to the central nervous system (CNS) during organogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Question 13

Which reproductive strategy involves the retention of fertilized eggs within the female, with embryos nourished by egg yolk rather than the mother?

Accepted Answer

Ovoviviparity

Question 14

A scientist observes a population of lizards in which all individuals are female and reproduce by producing eggs that develop without fertilization. Which process is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Parthenogenesis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the fast block to polyspermy in animal eggs?

Accepted Answer

It is a temporary block caused by membrane depolarization.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of a simultaneous hermaphrodite?

Accepted Answer

Earthworm

Question 17

In Daphnia, when is asexual reproduction by mitosis favored over sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

When conditions are stable and resources are abundant

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why external fertilization is more common in aquatic environments?

Accepted Answer

Water prevents gametes from drying out and allows them to disperse.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about cleavage in animal embryos?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage involves repeated cell cycles with only S and M phases.

Question 20

A researcher is studying a fish species in which individuals start life as females and later become males. What is this reproductive strategy called?

Accepted Answer

Protogyny

Topic 5 - Animal Reproduction and Development

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