Question 1

Which of the following best explains why endothermic animals require more food than ectothermic animals of similar size?

Accepted Answer

Endothermic animals have a higher metabolic rate because they must maintain a constant internal body temperature.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as the main long-term energy storage molecule

Question 3

A person consumes more carbohydrates than their body immediately needs. What happens to the excess carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

They are converted into lipids and stored as body fat.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about essential amino acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the structure of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule

Question 6

A person’s Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The minimum amount of energy required to keep the body alive at rest

Question 7

Which of the following nutrients is primarily responsible for providing the body with immediate energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct general trend regarding metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic rate decreases with age.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of lipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as insulation and aiding in the absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why dietary fiber (cellulose) is important for humans, even though it cannot be digested?

Accepted Answer

It provides bulk to the diet, aiding in digestion and preventing constipation.

Question 11

A person is trying to build muscle mass. Which nutrient should they focus on increasing in their diet, and why?

Accepted Answer

Proteins, because they provide amino acids necessary for building and repairing muscle tissue.

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}}$$

Question 13

Which of the following foods would provide a complete set of essential amino acids for a vegetarian?

Accepted Answer

A combination of beans and rice

Question 14

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fats is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are usually liquid.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins from amino acids during muscle growth

Question 16

A person’s daily energy requirement is calculated using which two main factors?

Accepted Answer

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and physical activity level

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about omega-3 fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They are essential fatty acids that must be obtained from the diet.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes catabolism?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of larger molecules into smaller subunits, releasing energy

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why males generally require more energy than females?

Accepted Answer

Males typically have more muscle mass, which increases energy requirements.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why water is considered an essential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

It is required for all chemical reactions in the body and helps regulate temperature.

Animal Structure, Function, and Nutrition: Energy and Biomolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions