Question 1

If all fungi in an environment that perform decomposition were to suddenly die, which group of organisms would most likely benefit the most after their fungal competitors have been removed?

Accepted Answer

prokaryotes

Question 2

When a mycelium infiltrates an unexploited source of dead organic matter, what is most likely to appear within the food source soon thereafter?

Accepted Answer

fungal enzymes

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of hyphate fungi (fungi featuring hyphae)?

Accepted Answer

They are adapted for rapid directional growth to new food sources.

Question 4

The vegetative (nutritionally active) bodies of most fungi are:

Accepted Answer

composed of hyphae and referred to as a mycelium, usually underground

Question 5

Which descriptions apply equally well to fungal spores produced both sexually and asexually?

Accepted Answer

All of the above: They are typically dispersed by wind and water, spores that germinate produce new mycelium, and they are produced in large numbers.

Question 6

When pathogenic fungi are found growing on the roots of grape vines, grape farmers sometimes respond by covering the ground with plastic sheeting and pumping a gaseous fungicide into the soil. What is the most important concern of grape farmers who engage in this practice?

Accepted Answer

The fungicide might also kill mycorrhizae.

Question 7

Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and which of the following?

Accepted Answer

cyanobacteria and green algae

Question 8

In both lichens and mycorrhizae, what does the fungal partner provide to its photosynthetic partner?

Accepted Answer

water and minerals

Question 9

What do fungi and arthropods have in common?

Accepted Answer

The protective coats of both groups are made of chitin.

Question 10

Which of the following is the adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia?

Accepted Answer

An extensive surface area well suited for invasive growth and absorptive nutrition.

Question 11

Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy?

Accepted Answer

Ingestion.

Question 12

Which of the following is unique to animals?

Accepted Answer

Nervous conduction and muscular movement

Question 13

Which of the following functions as both a mouth and an anus in members of the phylum Cnidaria?

Accepted Answer

A gastrovascular cavity

Question 14

The members of which clade in the phylum Cnidaria exist only as polyps?

Accepted Answer

Anthozoa

Question 15

The most ancient branch point in animal phylogeny is that between having:

Accepted Answer

True tissues and no tissues.

Question 16

Whatever its ultimate cause(s), the Cambrian explosion is a prime example of:

Accepted Answer

Adaptive radiation.

Question 17

If a multicellular animal lacks true tissues, then it can properly be included among the:

Accepted Answer

Metazoans.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning animal taxonomy is (are) true?
1. Animals are more closely related to plants than to fungi.
2. All animal clades based on body plan have been found to be incorrect.
3. Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic.
4. Only animals reproduce by sexual means.
5. Animals are thought to have evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.

Accepted Answer

3 and 5

Question 19

Which of these, if true, would support the claim that the ancestral cnidarians had bilateral symmetry?

Accepted Answer

Cnidarian larvae possess anterior-posterior, left-right, and dorsal-ventral aspects.

Question 20

Using similarities in body symmetry and other anatomical features to assign an organism to a clade involves:

Accepted Answer

Cladistics based on body plan and morphology-based phylogeny.

BIO 1020 Exam #3 Study Guide – Fungi, Animal Evolution, and Phylogeny

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards