Question 1

If all fungi in an environment that perform decomposition were to suddenly die, which group of organisms would benefit most, after their fungal competitors have been removed?

Accepted Answer

prokaryotes

Question 2

When a mycelium infiltrates an unexploited source of dead organic matter, what is most likely to appear within the food source soon thereafter?

Accepted Answer

fungal enzymes

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of hyphate fungi (fungi featuring hyphae)?

Accepted Answer

They are adapted for rapid directional growth to new food sources.

Question 4

The vegetative (nutritionally active) bodies of most fungi are:

Accepted Answer

composed of hyphae, referred to as a mycelium, and usually underground

Question 5

Which descriptions apply equally well to fungal spores produced both sexually and asexually?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 6

When pathogenic fungi are found growing on the roots of grape vines, grape farmers sometimes respond by covering the ground around their vines with plastic sheeting and pumping a gaseous fungicide into the soil. What is the most important concern of grape farmers who engage in this practice?

Accepted Answer

The fungicide might also kill mycorrhizae.

Question 7

Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and which of the following?

Accepted Answer

cyanobacteria and green algae

Question 8

In both lichens and mycorrhizae, what does the fungal partner provide to its photosynthetic partner?

Accepted Answer

water and minerals

Question 9

What do fungi and arthropods have in common?

Accepted Answer

The protective coats of both groups are made of chitin.

Question 10

Which of the following is unique to animals?

Accepted Answer

nervous conduction and muscular movement

Question 11

Which of the following functions as both a mouth and an anus in members of the phylum Cnidaria?

Accepted Answer

a gastrovascular cavity

Question 12

The adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is primarily related to:

Accepted Answer

an extensive surface area well suited for invasive growth and absorptive nutrition

Question 13

Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. The fact that distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy is that only animals derive their nutrition from:

Accepted Answer

ingestion

Question 14

Which of the following statements concerning animal taxonomy is (are) true?
1. Animals are more closely related to plants than to fungi.
2. All animal clades based on body plan have been found to be incorrect.
3. Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic.
4. Only animals reproduce by sexual means.
5. Animals are thought to have evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.

Accepted Answer

3 and 5

Question 15

Which of these, if true, would support the claim that the ancestral cnidarians had bilateral symmetry?

Accepted Answer

Cnidarian larvae possess anterior-posterior, left-right, and dorsal-ventral aspects.

Question 16

Using similarities in body symmetry and other anatomical features to assign an organism to a clade involves:

Accepted Answer

cladistics based on body plan and morphology-based phylogeny

Question 17

Which of the following was probably the least important factor in bringing about the Cambrian explosion?

Accepted Answer

the movement of animals onto land

Question 18

In the animal phylogeny tree, the Deuterostomia clade is most closely related to which two main clades?

Accepted Answer

Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa

Question 19

Which of the following is the most ancient branch point in animal phylogeny?

Accepted Answer

true tissues and no tissues

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of adaptive radiation, as seen in the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

The Cambrian explosion

BIO 1020 Exam #3 Study Guide – Fungi and Animal Diversity

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards