Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of nitrogen fixation carried out by certain prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$) into ammonia ($NH_3$) that plants can use

Question 2

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism living in a hot spring with a cell wall lacking peptidoglycan and able to survive without oxygen. To which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between binary fission in prokaryotes and mitosis in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission does not involve the breakdown of a nuclear envelope

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why prokaryotes are essential for chemical recycling in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

They decompose organic material, releasing inorganic nutrients back into the environment

Question 5

A patient is infected with a bacterium that can survive both in the presence and absence of oxygen. This bacterium is best described as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Facultative anaerobe

Question 6

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates mutualism?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria in the human gut help digest food and receive nutrients in return

Question 7

Which of the following statements about endosymbiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells

Question 8

Which of the following best describes alternation of generations in plants?

Accepted Answer

A life cycle that alternates between multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid stages

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to seed plants compared to seedless vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Production of pollen grains for sperm delivery

Question 10

A botanist finds a plant with the following features: no true roots, a dominant gametophyte generation, and reproduction via spores. This plant is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Bryophyte (nonvascular plant)

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why coal deposits are associated with ancient seedless vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Large forests of seedless vascular plants accumulated and were buried, forming coal over millions of years

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the flower in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

Production of spores for asexual reproduction

Question 13

Which of the following correctly matches the plant structure with its function?

Accepted Answer

Anther – produces pollen grains

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the main mode of nutrition in fungi?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients from the environment after external digestion

Question 15

A fungus forms a mutualistic relationship with plant roots, enhancing water and nutrient uptake for the plant. This association is called:

Accepted Answer

Mycorrhizae

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of bioremediation using prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Using bacteria to clean up oil spills by breaking down hydrocarbons

Question 17

Which of the following statements about lichens is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lichens are a symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between homosporous and heterosporous plants?

Accepted Answer

Homosporous plants produce one type of spore; heterosporous plants produce two types: megaspores and microspores

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of gymnosperms but NOT angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

Seeds are not enclosed in fruits

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why seed plants are so important to humans?

Accepted Answer

They provide food, medicine, building materials, and oxygen

BIO 1070 Exam 2 Study Guide: Step-by-Step Guidance for Key Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards