Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three levels at which biodiversity can be examined, as illustrated in the first image (with the beavers, forest, and river)?

Accepted Answer

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main threats to biodiversity identified in conservation biology?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 3

A population of Florida panthers experienced a sharp decline in genetic diversity, leading to health defects. Which process was used to help restore genetic health in this population?

Accepted Answer

Introducing individuals from a genetically distinct population

Question 4

Which of the following best defines 'minimum viable population'?

Accepted Answer

The smallest population size at which a species can sustain its numbers and survive

Question 5

Which equation would you use to estimate the effective population size ($$N_e) $$given the number of breeding males ($$N_m) $$and females ($$N_f) in a $$population?

Accepted Answer

$$N_e = \frac{4N_mN_f}{N_m + N_f}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a direct consequence of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Decreased calcification rates in marine organisms

Question 7

Why are K-selected species, such as whales and sharks, at greater risk of extinction from overexploitation?

Accepted Answer

They have low reproductive rates and long lifespans

Question 8

Which of the following best describes biomagnification?

Accepted Answer

The increase in concentration of toxic substances in organisms at higher trophic levels

Question 9

A graph shows a rapid increase in bird and mammal extinctions alongside human population growth. What is the most likely explanation for this trend?

Accepted Answer

Human activities such as habitat destruction and overexploitation are accelerating extinction rates

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service provided by biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Pollination of crops by bees

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why small populations are at greater risk of extinction?

Accepted Answer

They are more susceptible to genetic drift and inbreeding

Question 12

Which of the following is a likely outcome of habitat fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Increase in edge species and decrease in interior species

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of an invasive species impacting native biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Lionfish reducing populations of small reef fish in the Caribbean

Question 14

Which of the following best defines 'ecosystem diversity'?

Accepted Answer

The variety of ecosystems within a given region

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of climate change for polar bears?

Accepted Answer

Loss of habitat due to melting sea ice

Question 16

Which of the following is the best example of a biodiversity hotspot?

Accepted Answer

A small region containing a high percentage of the world’s vertebrate species

Question 17

Which of the following is the most likely effect of overfishing on marine ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Decline in populations of large predatory fish

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the 'edge effect' in fragmented habitats?

Accepted Answer

Changes in population or community structures at the boundary of two habitats

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why humans should conserve biodiversity, according to conservation biology?

Accepted Answer

Humans depend on biodiversity for food, medicine, and ecosystem services

Question 20

Which of the following is the best definition of inbreeding?

Accepted Answer

Mating among relatives, which can increase genetic defects

Biodiversity and Conservation: Threats, Importance, and Strategies

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