Question 1

Which of the following best describes the correct order of biological organization from least inclusive to most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 2

A scientist is studying the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. Both groups are given the same amount of water, light, and soil. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Application of fertilizer

Question 3

Which of the following is a property unique to all living systems?

Accepted Answer

Ability to reproduce

Question 4

Which statement best explains the unity and diversity of life according to evolutionary theory?

Accepted Answer

Unity is due to shared ancestry, while diversity results from adaptations to different environments.

Question 5

In the scientific method, which of the following is a testable and falsifiable statement that can be supported or refuted by experimentation?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy and cycling of matter in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows through an ecosystem, while matter cycles within it.

Question 7

A researcher is testing whether a new drug affects memory in mice. Mice are randomly assigned to receive either the drug or a placebo. After treatment, their performance in a maze is measured. What is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Maze performance (e.g., speed or accuracy)

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning in biology?

Accepted Answer

Predicting that if all organisms are made of cells, then a newly discovered organism will also be made of cells.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow Protein$$

Question 11

A population of beetles is exposed to a new pesticide. After several generations, most beetles are resistant. Which process best explains this change?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a controlled variable in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

A variable that is kept constant to prevent it from influencing the results

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

The solution turned blue after the reaction.

Question 14

Which taxonomic level is more inclusive than genus but less inclusive than class?

Accepted Answer

Order

Question 15

Which of the following best describes an adaptation?

Accepted Answer

An inherited trait that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

Question 16

A scientist observes that a certain type of bacteria can survive in extremely hot environments. She hypothesizes that these bacteria have special proteins that do not denature at high temperatures. Which step of the scientific method is she performing?

Accepted Answer

Formulating a hypothesis

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

After observing that all tested plants need sunlight to grow, concluding that all plants need sunlight.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a placebo in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

A treatment that appears real but is designed to have no effect

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 20

A student is designing an experiment to test the effect of temperature on enzyme activity. She keeps pH, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration constant. Which variable is she manipulating?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

BIOL189A: Introduction to Biology – Course Syllabus and Orientation

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