Question 1

Which of the following elements contributes the most to the mass of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 2

What property of an atom primarily determines its chemical reactivity?

Accepted Answer

Number of valence electrons

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are unequally shared due to differences in electronegativity

Question 4

Which type of bond is responsible for the attraction between water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ionic bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 6

Which of the following molecules is considered organic?

Accepted Answer

CH3OH

Question 7

What is the main reason carbon can form such a wide variety of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

It can form four covalent bonds

Question 8

Which functional group is present in both amino acids and proteins and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Question 9

What type of reaction is responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the formation of a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A condensation reaction joins two monosaccharides

Question 11

Which of the following is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 12

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 13

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 14

Which amino acid is almost always found at the N-terminus of a newly synthesized polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

Methionine

Question 15

A molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

They have no partial charges to interact with water

Question 17

Which of the following is true about London dispersion forces?

Accepted Answer

They are temporary attractive forces present in all molecules

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between an alpha (α) and beta (β) glucose ring structure?

Accepted Answer

The orientation of the hydroxyl group on carbon 1

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of lipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage and membrane structure

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a condensation (dehydration) reaction?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is removed to form a bond

Biological Chemistry: Elements, Bonds, and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions