Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process shown in the diagram where a water molecule is removed to join two monomers together?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that prevents the breakdown of β(1→4) glycosidic bonds. Which dietary component will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 4

Which of the following statements about glycogen is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of glucose monomers linked by α(1→4) and α(1→6) glycosidic bonds.

Question 5

Which disaccharide is commonly found in milk and is composed of galactose and glucose?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack enzymes to hydrolyze β(1→4) glycosidic bonds.

Question 7

Which of the following is a ketose sugar with six carbons?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 8

A scientist isolates a polysaccharide from an insect exoskeleton. Which of the following is most likely the main component?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose is unbranched, while amylopectin is branched.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose?

Accepted Answer

Aldoses have an aldehyde group; ketoses have a ketone group.

Question 12

Which of the following is a repeating disaccharide unit in cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Cellobiose

Question 13

A food scientist is analyzing a sample and finds it contains α(1→4) and α(1→6) glycosidic bonds. Which polysaccharide is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Amylopectin

Question 14

Which of the following is a five-carbon aldose sugar?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cellulose provides structural support in plants?

Accepted Answer

It forms straight, unbranched chains that hydrogen bond with each other.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a disaccharide and its monosaccharide components?

Accepted Answer

Lactose: glucose + galactose

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is a storage form of glucose in liver and muscle cells.

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of chitin?

Accepted Answer

It is a linear polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why starch can be digested by humans but cellulose cannot?

Accepted Answer

Starch contains α(1→4) linkages, while cellulose contains β(1→4) linkages.

Question 20

A solution contains only D-glucose and D-fructose. Which of the following disaccharides could be formed from these two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Biomolecules: Macromolecules and Carbohydrates

Study Guide - Practice Questions