Question 1

A scientist wants to magnify a pollen grain 8,000 times and examine the ridges and pores on its surface. Which of the following instruments would be best?

Accepted Answer

a scanning electron microscope

Question 2

You want the last cough drop in the box to last a long time in your mouth. What should you do to maximize its duration?

Accepted Answer

Keep the cough drop whole. This maintains the smallest surface-to-volume ratio and slows the dissolving of the cough drop.

Question 3

You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You conclude correctly that the cells:

Accepted Answer

are plant cells.

Question 4

Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell?

Accepted Answer

rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane

Question 5

It is essential for nerve cells to communicate with each other by sending signals to each other. The cell junctions that would best facilitate this are?

Accepted Answer

gap junctions

Question 6

Based on their function, you would expect melanocytes in the skin to have a higher than usual number of?

Accepted Answer

ribosomes

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for making energy (ATP) for the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

Which organelle is responsible for making lipids in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

A cell is observed to have a large central vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplasts. What type of cell is it?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

Accepted Answer

They generate ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 11

A scientist is studying a cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is she most likely observing?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cell

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell.

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 14

A mutation causes a cell to produce defective lysosomes. Which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why plant cells can maintain turgor pressure while animal cells cannot?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have a cell wall that resists osmotic pressure.

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize proteins.

Question 18

A cell is observed to have many mitochondria. What can you infer about the cell's function?

Accepted Answer

It is likely involved in active transport and requires a lot of energy.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why breaking a cough drop into smaller pieces causes it to dissolve faster?

Accepted Answer

The surface-to-volume ratio increases, allowing more area for dissolution.

Question 20

Which of the following cell junctions would be most important in tissues that experience a lot of mechanical stress, such as skin?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring junctions

Cell Biology and Microscopy Study Guide

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