Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that the cell has enough energy and resources to proceed to DNA synthesis

Question 2

A cell is observed to have twice as much DNA as a cell in G1 phase, but the chromosomes are not yet separated. In which phase is this cell most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

G2 phase

Question 3

If a eukaryotic cell is in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, which statement about the cell’s chromosomes must be correct?

Accepted Answer

Each chromosome is made of a complex of DNA and associated proteins.

Question 4

During which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 5

A scientist treats cells with an inhibitor that blocks the function of motor proteins in the kinetochore, but allows the kinetochore to remain attached to the spindle. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

The chromosomes will not move to the poles of the cell during mitosis.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about interphase is correct?

Accepted Answer

During interphase, a cell is metabolically active.

Question 7

What is true of all cancers?

Accepted Answer

They have escaped normal cell cycle controls.

Question 8

How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells may be immortal.

Question 9

A histogram shows the number of cells versus the amount of fluorescence per cell, where fluorescence is proportional to DNA content. In the control sample, which region (A, B, or C) shows the population of cells with the highest amount of DNA per cell?

Accepted Answer

Region C

Question 10

In a flow cytometry experiment, why does the S phase not show a distinct peak in the DNA content histogram?

Accepted Answer

No; the DNA content per cell changes as the S phase progresses, so the cells in S phase have a range of fluorescence levels.

Question 11

In the treated sample histogram, which phase of the cell cycle has the greatest number of cells?

Accepted Answer

The G1 phase

Question 12

Which mechanism is the best explanation for how an inhibitor might arrest the cancer cell cycle at the G1 stage?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor might block the activity of a cyclin or signaling molecule of the G1 checkpoint.

Question 13

A cell in metaphase is exposed to a drug that prevents microtubules from attaching to kinetochores. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The chromosomes will not align at the metaphase plate.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes cytokinesis in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

The cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

Question 15

If a cell contains 12 chromosomes at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

12

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between DNA content and cell cycle phase, where $$C is $$the DNA content in G1?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{G2} = 2 	imes C_{G1}$$

Question 17

A researcher observes that treated cancer cells accumulate in the G1 phase. What does this suggest about the effect of the treatment?

Accepted Answer

The treatment arrests the cell cycle at the G1 checkpoint.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of understanding the cell cycle in cancer therapy?

Accepted Answer

Targeting specific checkpoints can prevent cancer cells from proliferating.

Question 19

If a cell is treated with a drug that prevents DNA replication, which phase of the cell cycle will the cell fail to complete?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cells need to regulate the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

To ensure accurate DNA replication and division, preventing mutations and uncontrolled growth.

Cell Cycle and Chromosome Counting Study Guide

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