Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process illustrated in the first image (strawberry plant with a stolon)?

Accepted Answer

Asexual reproduction via runners (stolons)

Question 2

A starfish can regenerate a lost arm, as shown in the second image. What type of reproduction does this process represent?

Accepted Answer

Asexual reproduction

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis, as illustrated in the third image (cell division stages)?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in two identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically unique cells.

Question 4

Referencing the fourth image (chromosome structure), what is the function of the centromere?

Accepted Answer

It is the region where spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Question 5

In the fifth image (mitosis stages), what is the significance of the chromosomes aligning at the center of the cell?

Accepted Answer

It allows for the equal segregation of sister chromatids to each daughter cell.

Question 6

Based on the sixth image (cell cycle diagram), during which phase does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 7

The seventh image shows a growth factor signaling pathway. What is the role of growth factors in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

They signal cells to proceed past the G1 checkpoint and divide.

Question 8

The eighth image shows a cancer cell interacting with an immune cell. Which of the following best explains why chemotherapy often causes side effects such as hair loss and nausea?

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy targets all rapidly dividing cells, including healthy ones.

Question 9

The ninth image shows a karyotype. How many pairs of autosomes are present in a normal human karyotype?

Accepted Answer

22

Question 10

The tenth image compares the X and Y chromosomes. Which statement is correct regarding these chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

The X chromosome is larger and carries more genes than the Y chromosome.

Question 11

The eleventh image illustrates the human sexual life cycle. Which process restores the diploid chromosome number in humans?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Question 12

The twelfth image shows a highly condensed chromosome. During which phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes most condensed and visible under a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

Prophase of mitosis

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the number of possible gamete combinations due to independent assortment in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2^{23}$$

Question 14

A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after division?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 15

If a human sperm cell contains 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome, what will be the sex of the resulting zygote after fertilization with a normal egg?

Accepted Answer

Male

Question 16

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that DNA is undamaged and fully replicated before mitosis begins?

Accepted Answer

G2/M checkpoint

Question 17

A person with Down syndrome has three copies of chromosome 21. What is the term for this chromosomal abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Trisomy

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why loss of a chromosome (monosomy) is usually not compatible with life, except for the sex chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Most autosomes carry essential genes required for survival.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a disease caused by nondisjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype determines the heritable information, while phenotype is the observable trait.

Chapters 8,9,10 (Slides)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards