Question 1

Which of the following best describes the outcome of mitosis in a human somatic cell?

Accepted Answer

Two daughter cells, each with $$2n=46$$ chromosomes

Question 2

During meiosis, at what stage does the chromosome number reduce from diploid ($$2n) to $$haploid ($$n$$)?

Accepted Answer

During Meiosis I

Question 3

Which event is unique to meiosis and not found in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Synapsis and crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 4

If a diploid cell with $$2n=46$$ chromosomes undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

$$n=23$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about mitosis and meiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis produces four genetically unique gametes, while mitosis produces two identical daughter cells

Question 6

What is the significance of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic variation among gametes

Question 7

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 8

In meiosis, what is the result of the second meiotic division (Meiosis II)?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate, resulting in four haploid cells

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number change during meiosis in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow n$$

Question 10

A cell with $$2n=46$$ chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

$$2n=46$$

Question 11

Which process is responsible for producing gametes in animals?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 12

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase I

Question 13

What is the main difference in chromosome behavior between mitosis and meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair and separate, while in mitosis, sister chromatids separate

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why meiosis results in genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis involves independent assortment and crossing over

Question 15

If a mutation occurs during meiosis that prevents homologous chromosomes from separating during anaphase I, what is the likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Some gametes will have extra chromosomes, and some will have fewer

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the chromosome number in daughter cells produced by mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell, while meiosis produces cells with half

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the chromosome arrangement during metaphase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosome pairs align at the metaphase plate

Question 18

What is the result of cytokinesis following mitosis in a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

Two diploid cells

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a feature of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Production of two identical daughter cells

Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis – Structure, Function, and Genetic Consequences

Study Guide - Practice Questions