Question 1

Refer to the first image. Which labeled structure (A–E) represents a peripheral membrane protein, and what is its main characteristic?

Accepted Answer

E; It is loosely bound to the surface of the membrane, often interacting with integral proteins.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.

Question 3

Which component of a phospholipid is hydrophilic and interacts with water?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 4

Refer to the second image. The cell is in a(n) _____ solution.

Accepted Answer

hypertonic

Question 5

Refer to the third image. What will happen to the animal cell when placed in this environment?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and shrivel.

Question 6

Which of the following molecules can cross the lipid bilayer of a membrane directly, without a transport protein?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen (O$$_2)$$

Question 7

Refer to the fourth image. What process is being illustrated, and what is the direction of net movement?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion; from higher to lower concentration

Question 8

Refer to the fifth image. What is the role of the transport protein shown?

Accepted Answer

It allows solutes to move passively down their concentration gradient.

Question 9

A plant cell surrounded by an isotonic solution will be:

Accepted Answer

flaccid (limp)

Question 10

Which of the following is the ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic

Question 11

Refer to the seventh image. What will happen to the water level on the left side of the U-tube if more sugar is added to that side?

Accepted Answer

The water level would go down.

Question 12

During osmosis, water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane from the region of _____ free water concentration and _____ solute concentration to the side with _____ free water concentration and _____ solute concentration.

Accepted Answer

higher; lower; lower; higher

Question 13

Which of the following processes requires energy from ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of sodium ions from a lower concentration in a mammalian cell to a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid

Question 14

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

The presence of aquaporins speeds up the process of osmosis.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes what happens to a red blood cell when it is submerged in distilled water?

Accepted Answer

The cell will expand and burst.

Question 16

Which of the following statements best explains why carrot slices become flaccid in a 0.2 M salt solution and turgid in fresh water?

Accepted Answer

Fresh water is hypotonic and the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the carrot slices.

Question 17

Which of the following statements best describes a characteristic feature of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about membrane phospholipids is true according to the fluid mosaic model?

Accepted Answer

They can move laterally along the plane of the membrane.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the structure of a biological membrane?

Accepted Answer

Two layers of phospholipids with proteins either crossing the layers or on the surface of the layers

Cell Membrane Structure and Transport Study Guide

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