Question 1

Which organelle in the plant cell image is responsible for synthesizing and processing lipids?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

In the pulse-chase experiment graphs, which figure best represents the movement of a protein that is synthesized and exported from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Figure B

Question 3

Which structure in the chromosome diagram is the centromere?

Accepted Answer

E

Question 4

In the onion root tip image, which cell is in metaphase and what feature supports this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Cell C; chromosomes are lined up at the middle of the cell

Question 5

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both have ribosomes that synthesize proteins

Question 6

A biologist separates organelles from plant leaf cells. Which organelle produces ATP in the light, and which produces ATP in both light and dark?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts produce ATP in the light; mitochondria produce ATP in both light and dark.

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down molecules and structures so the components can be re-used or released from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 8

Which of the following is found only in plant cells and not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Central vacuole

Question 9

A diploid cell with 10 pairs of chromosomes undergoes mitosis. What is true of the cells produced?

Accepted Answer

They are genetically identical to the parent cell

Question 10

Which event in mitosis would NOT occur if microtubules were inhibited by a cancer drug?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes could not align at the center of the cell during metaphase

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between chromosomes, genes, chromatin, and sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A single chromosome typically contains many genes.

Question 12

If a pair of sister chromatids fail to separate during mitosis, what is the most likely outcome for the daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

One will have one extra copy of several genes; the other will be missing one copy of several genes.

Question 13

Which organelle modifies certain types of proteins and targets them to their destination?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

Which cellular structure provides structural support and facilitates movement of certain things within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 15

Which sequence correctly orders the events of the cell cycle starting from G1?

Accepted Answer

D-B-G-H-C-E-I-F-J-A

Question 16

Which organelle houses potentially harmful reactions, such as those producing hydrogen peroxide?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 17

Which structure in the plant cell image is responsible for providing structural support to the cell and is composed largely of structural carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 18

Which organelle is the site of nucleic acid synthesis and stores genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 19

Which cellular structure regulates movement of molecules into and out of the cell by forming a semi-permeable barrier?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 20

Which organelle synthesizes the primary structure of a protein by catalyzing peptide bonds between amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Cell Structure, Function, and Mitosis Study Guide

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