Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of cellular respiration in cells?

Accepted Answer

To break down glucose and other high-energy molecules to produce ATP

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net production of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Which enzyme in glycolysis is regulated by feedback inhibition from ATP and has two binding sites for ATP?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 4

In the absence of oxygen, which process allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD$$^+$$?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate processing → Citric acid cycle → Electron transport chain

Question 6

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 7

A patient with a mitochondrial disorder cannot efficiently use the electron transport chain. Which of the following would most likely accumulate in their cells?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 8

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP

Question 9

If a cell is deprived of oxygen, which of the following processes will stop first?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why fats yield more ATP per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats are broken down into acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle and produces more NADH and FADH$$_2$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a product of lactic acid fermentation in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Lactate

Question 12

A scientist inhibits the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase in a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following would you expect to decrease as a result?

Accepted Answer

Production of acetyl CoA

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the regulation of glycolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ATP inhibit phosphofructokinase, slowing glycolysis

Question 15

Which of the following is a key difference between aerobic respiration and fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses an electron transport chain, while fermentation does not

Question 16

A mutation causes a cell to lack the enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA. Which pathway would be directly blocked?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the citric acid cycle is considered a cycle?

Accepted Answer

It regenerates oxaloacetate, the molecule that accepts acetyl CoA at the start of the cycle

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the ATP synthase enzyme is correct?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP using the energy from a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane

Question 19

A cell is exposed to a toxin that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. What is the most immediate effect on ATP production?

Accepted Answer

ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation will decrease

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the fate of carbon atoms from glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They are released as carbon dioxide

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Energy Production in Cells

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