Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of cellular respiration in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

To break down organic molecules and generate ATP for cellular work

Question 2

What is the primary role of the mitochondria's inner membrane in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It provides a permeability barrier, creating distinct environments for oxidative phosphorylation

Question 3

During aerobic cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{Energy}$$

Question 5

Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Hexokinase

Question 6

What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced directly by glycolysis from one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 7

Which of the following statements about NAD$$^+ in $$cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

NAD$$^+$$ acts as an electron acceptor and is reduced to NADH

Question 8

Why is the stepwise oxidation of glucose in cells more advantageous than direct burning of glucose?

Accepted Answer

It enables the cell to capture usable energy in ATP rather than losing it as heat

Question 9

Which enzyme is considered the rate-limiting step of glycolysis and is highly regulated?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

Question 10

In the context of redox reactions, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

The reducing agent donates electrons and becomes oxidized

Question 11

Which process occurs in the cytosol and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 12

What is the main purpose of substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

To directly generate ATP by transferring a phosphate from a substrate to ADP

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why plants and animals are interdependent in the context of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Plants produce organic molecules and O$$_2$$ used by animals, while animals produce CO$$_2$$ and H$$_2O $$used by plants

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the fate of pyruvate produced in glycolysis under aerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

It is transported into the mitochondrial matrix and converted to acetyl CoA

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the energy changes during the oxidation of glucose in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The process is exergonic with $$\Delta G = -686$$ kcal/mol

Question 16

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate in glycolysis, generating ATP?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate kinase

Question 17

If a mutation rendered the enzyme triose phosphate isomerase nonfunctional, what would be the most immediate effect on glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) could not be converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), reducing ATP yield

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 19

Which statement best explains why the inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded into cristae?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for protein complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation

Bio 100 LEC Chapter 9 Modules 1-2

Study Guide - Practice Questions