Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration of glucose?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which molecule acts as the oxidizing agent in the redox reaction of glycolysis (step 6)?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 4

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

Which process produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

In the absence of oxygen, which pathway allows cells to continue producing ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 7

Which of the following is a product of the citric acid cycle per acetyl CoA molecule?

Accepted Answer

3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP, 2 CO2

Question 8

What is the immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase

Question 9

Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 10

During lactic acid fermentation, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 11

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from an organic substrate to ADP

Question 12

A muscle cell has used up its supply of oxygen and ATP. What will happen next?

Accepted Answer

The cell will switch to lactic acid fermentation to regenerate NAD+ and produce ATP

Question 13

Which molecule is reduced during the oxidation of glucose in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a major regulatory enzyme in glycolysis, acting as a pacemaker for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 15

Why does FADH2 yield less ATP than NADH during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

FADH2 donates electrons at a lower energy level in the electron transport chain

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why fats are a better fuel than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats contain more C—H bonds, which store more high-energy electrons

Question 17

Which process is responsible for the release of most CO2 during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 18

If a glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an aerobic environment to an anaerobic one, how would its rate of glucose consumption change if ATP were to be generated at the same rate?

Accepted Answer

The rate of glucose consumption would increase

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the proton-motive force generated by the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Directly breaking down glucose

Question 20

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis occurs in nearly all organisms and does not require oxygen

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Pathways of Energy Harvest

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