Q: Which of the following is a correct equation for the net ATP yield from cellular respiration per glucose molecule?

$$\text{Glucose} + 6\,\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 29\,\text{ATP} + 6\,\text{CO}_2 + 6\,\text{H}_2\text{O}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net yield of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which enzyme is regulated by feedback inhibition in glycolysis, and how does ATP affect its activity?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase; ATP inhibits its activity by binding to a regulatory site.

Question 4

In the citric acid cycle, how many molecules of CO$$_2$$ are produced for each acetyl CoA that enters the cycle?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

Question 6

What is the main purpose of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue.

Question 7

Which molecule is produced when pyruvate is processed to acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 8

How does the electron transport chain contribute to ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

By creating a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct equation for the net ATP yield from cellular respiration per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose} + 6\,	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 29\,	ext{ATP} + 6\,	ext{CO}_2 + 6\,	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why aerobic respiration is more efficient than fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, allowing for a larger proton-motive force and more ATP production.

Question 11

A patient with a mitochondrial disorder cannot efficiently use the electron transport chain. Which pathway would their cells rely on for ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-life example of facultative anaerobes switching metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Yeast cells producing ethanol in bread dough when oxygen is depleted.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about catabolic and anabolic pathways is correct?

Accepted Answer

Anabolic pathways use intermediates from catabolic pathways to synthesize macromolecules.

Question 14

What is the primary function of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the energy from a proton gradient.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons across a membrane to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 16

If a cell is exposed to a drug that inhibits the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, what would be the expected effect?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate processing would increase, leading to more acetyl CoA production.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of the fate of NADH produced during glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

NADH donates electrons to pyruvate, regenerating NAD$$^+$$ for glycolysis.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why the citric acid cycle is considered a cycle?

Accepted Answer

It regenerates oxaloacetate at the end of each turn, allowing the cycle to repeat.

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of a mutation that prevents the formation of the proton gradient in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase would be unable to produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards