Q: What is the correct formula for the catabolic degradation of glucose by cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, and cellular respiration releases that energy for cellular work.

Question 2

What is the correct formula for the catabolic degradation of glucose by cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 3

During cellular respiration, what is oxidized and what is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced.

Question 4

What is the primary role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To transfer electrons from glucose to the electron transport chain by becoming reduced to NADH.

Question 5

Which process produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Why is oxygen required for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It is the ultimate electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why the maximum yield of ATP per glucose is about 30-32 ATP rather than a fixed number?

Accepted Answer

Some ATP is used to transport NADH into the mitochondria and the proton gradient can be used for other processes.

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate, while oxidative phosphorylation uses a proton gradient and ATP synthase.

Question 9

Refer to the first image. What is the main purpose of the process illustrated?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA for entry into the citric acid cycle

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 11

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The flow of protons (H+) down their gradient through ATP synthase drives the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

Question 12

Refer to the second image. What is the main function of the protein complex shown at the far right, with the yellow burst?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the proton gradient.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD+ in the absence of oxygen.

Question 14

What is the electron acceptor in lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 15

Which three types of organic macromolecules can be used as fuel for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis is considered a universal and ancient metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

It does not require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm of nearly all cells.

Question 17

During the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate is oxidized, CO$$_2 is $$released, and NAD+ is reduced to NADH.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate Oxidation → Citric Acid Cycle → Electron Transport Chain

Question 19

Which molecule has the lowest free energy and highest electronegativity in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 20

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Cellular Respiration: Key Concepts and Guided Study

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards