Q: Which of the following best describes the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from largest to smallest, as depicted in the provided diagram?

Accepted Answer

Biosphere, Ecosystems, Communities, Populations, Organisms, Organs, Tissues, Cells, Organelles, Molecules

Question 2

Which statement best describes the relationship between structure and function in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

The structure of a biological system gives insight into its function, and vice versa.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of reductionism in biology?

Accepted Answer

Studying the function of a single enzyme to understand metabolism in a cell.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 5

A scientist is testing whether the color of a mouse affects its predation rate in different habitats. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The color of the mouse model

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a unifying theme in biology?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Question 7

Which domain includes organisms with membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why energy flows through an ecosystem rather than being recycled?

Accepted Answer

Energy is lost as heat at each transfer, according to the second law of thermodynamics.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a mutually beneficial interaction between organisms?

Accepted Answer

Fish eating parasites off turtles

Question 10

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, which of the following is most likely to occur over many generations?

Accepted Answer

Advantageous traits become more common in the population.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is correct?

Accepted Answer

Theories are broader in scope than hypotheses and supported by a large body of evidence.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

DNA stores genetic information that is used to build and maintain cells.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 14

A population of mice with fur color matching their environment survives better than mismatched mice. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

The average length of fish in a lake is 15 cm.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

An explanation based on observations that leads to a testable prediction.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of an independent and dependent variable in a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

Changing the amount of sunlight (independent) and measuring plant growth (dependent)

Question 18

Which of the following kingdoms is NOT included in Domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

The conversion of information from a gene to its cellular product

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of the recycling of chemical elements in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Decomposers breaking down dead organisms and returning nutrients to the soil

Chapter 1: Introduction—Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards