Q: A laboratory technician needs to prepare 500 mL of a 0.250 M NaCl solution from a 2.00 M NaCl stock solution. What volume of the stock solution should be used?

$$V_{\text{initial}} = \frac{V_{\text{final}} \times M_{\text{final}}}{M_{\text{initial}}} = \frac{0.500\,\text{L} \times 0.250\,\text{M}}{2.00\,\text{M}} = 0.0625\,\text{L} = 62.5\,\text{mL}$$

Q: A student mixes solutions of Pb(NO$$_3$$)$$_2$$ and NaI. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs?

$$\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + 2\,\text{I}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s)$$

Q: A 25.00 mL sample of vinegar requires 12.15 mL of 1.885 M NaOH for complete neutralization. What is the molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar? (Assume 1:1 stoichiometry.)

$$M_{\text{acid}} = \frac{M_{\text{base}} \times V_{\text{base}}}{V_{\text{acid}}} = \frac{1.885 \times 0.01215}{0.02500} = 0.916\,\text{M}$$

Q: Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the neutralization of nitric acid with calcium hydroxide?

$$\text{H}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(\ell)$$

Q: Which of the following is the correct balanced net ionic equation for the reaction between zinc metal and hydrochloric acid?

$$\text{Zn}(s) + 2\,\text{H}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{Zn}^{2+}(aq) + \text{H}_2(g)$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution in chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Question 2

A laboratory technician needs to prepare 500 mL of a 0.250 M NaCl solution from a 2.00 M NaCl stock solution. What volume of the stock solution should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{	ext{initial}} = \frac{V_{	ext{final}} 	imes M_{	ext{final}}}{M_{	ext{initial}}} = \frac{0.500\,	ext{L} 	imes 0.250\,	ext{M}}{2.00\,	ext{M}} = 0.0625\,	ext{L} = 62.5\,	ext{mL}$$

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is a strong electrolyte and also a Brønsted–Lowry acid in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

HCl

Question 4

A student mixes solutions of Pb(NO$$_3$$)$$_2$$ and NaI. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + 2\,	ext{I}^-(aq) ightarrow 	ext{PbI}_2(s)$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process of dilution?

Accepted Answer

Adding more solvent to decrease the concentration without changing the number of moles of solute.

Question 6

A 25.00 mL sample of vinegar requires 12.15 mL of 1.885 M NaOH for complete neutralization. What is the molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar? (Assume 1:1 stoichiometry.)

Accepted Answer

$$M_{	ext{acid}} = \frac{M_{	ext{base}} 	imes V_{	ext{base}}}{V_{	ext{acid}}} = \frac{1.885 	imes 0.01215}{0.02500} = 0.916\,	ext{M}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the neutralization of nitric acid with calcium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{H}^+(aq) + 	ext{OH}^-(aq) ightarrow 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}(\ell)$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about oxidation and reduction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 9

What is the oxidation number of sulfur in CaSO$$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

$$+6$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a nonelectrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A substance that does not dissociate into ions in water.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct balanced net ionic equation for the reaction between zinc metal and hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Zn}(s) + 2\,	ext{H}^+(aq) ightarrow 	ext{Zn}^{2+}(aq) + 	ext{H}_2(g)$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

It contains more solute than is predicted to be soluble at a given temperature and is unstable.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct application of Beer’s Law for determining the concentration of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$A = \epsilon b c$$

Question 14

Which of the following ions would NOT form a precipitate when mixed with a solution containing SO$$_4$$^{2-}$$, according to the solubility guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^{+}$$

Question 15

A redox reaction occurs in basic solution between permanganate ion and oxalate ion. Which of the following is the correct balanced net ionic equation?

Accepted Answer

$$2\,	ext{MnO}_4^-(aq) + 3\,	ext{C}_2	ext{O}_4$$^{2-}$$(aq) + 4\,	ext{OH}^-(aq) ightarrow 2\,	ext{MnO}_2(s) + 6\,	ext{CO}_3$$^{2-}$$(aq) + 2\,	ext{H}_2	ext{O}(\ell)$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes an amphiprotic substance?

Accepted Answer

A substance that can act as either a proton donor or acceptor.

Question 17

Which of the following metals will NOT react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas, based on the activity series?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Chapter 8: Reactions in Aqueous Solutions – Chemistry of the Hydrosphere (Biology Context)

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