Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes the chromosome number in human somatic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain 46 chromosomes, two sets of 23 from each parent.

Question 2

How do gametes (reproductive cells) differ from somatic cells in terms of chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

Gametes have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells.

Question 3

If a human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would you expect to find in a human gamete?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes consist of one DNA molecule.

Question 5

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that eukaryotic cells:

Accepted Answer

Consist of several or more DNA molecules.

Question 6

A mutation causes a human somatic cell to have only 23 chromosomes. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell will have half the genetic information and may not survive.

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the inheritance of chromosomes in humans?

Accepted Answer

Each parent contributes one set of 23 chromosomes.

Question 8

Which cell type is described as having 'half as many chromosomes as somatic cells'?

Accepted Answer

Gametes

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why gametes have half the chromosome number of somatic cells?

Accepted Answer

To maintain the species' chromosome number after fertilization.

Question 10

A scientist discovers a cell with several DNA molecules and a nucleus. This cell is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A eukaryotic cell

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number in human somatic cells?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 46$$

Question 12

If a eukaryotic cell contains multiple DNA molecules, what is the primary advantage of this arrangement?

Accepted Answer

It allows for more complex regulation of genetic information.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain several DNA molecules.

Question 14

During fertilization in humans, what is the result of the fusion of two gametes?

Accepted Answer

A cell with 46 chromosomes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the DNA content of a human egg cell?

Accepted Answer

It contains 23 DNA molecules.

Chromosomes and DNA in Somatic and Reproductive Cells

Study Guide - Practice Questions