Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the binomial system of nomenclature introduced by Carolus Linnaeus?

Accepted Answer

It uses two names, the genus and species, to uniquely identify an organism.

Question 2

Which domain contains organisms with branched hydrocarbon chains attached to glycerol by ether linkages in their cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 3

A scientist discovers a single-celled organism with a circular chromosome, no nuclear membrane, and a cell wall lacking peptidoglycan. Which domain does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that is important for life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Water is more dense as a solid than as a liquid.

Question 5

Which chemical bond is formed when one atom transfers an electron to another atom, resulting in oppositely charged ions?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 6

Which element makes up the largest percentage of body mass in humans, according to the provided table?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 7

What is the atomic number of boron, and what does it represent?

Accepted Answer

5; it represents the number of protons in boron.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why salts dissolve easily in water?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules surround the ions, separating them due to their polarity.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the taxonomic hierarchy from most general to most specific?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 10

Which property of water allows ice to float on liquid water, and why is this important for aquatic life?

Accepted Answer

Water's lower density as a solid; it insulates aquatic environments below the ice.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the three domains of life is correct according to current taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya are considered separate domains.

Question 12

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the stickiness of gecko feet, allowing them to adhere to surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Van der Waals interactions

Question 13

A molecule of water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}) is $$formed by which type of bond between hydrogen and oxygen atoms?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to Eukarya compared to Bacteria and Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Question 15

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the six that make up more than 96% of living matter?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 16

Which of the following best describes lateral gene transfer in early evolution?

Accepted Answer

DNA was transferred between organisms by infectious elements, fusion, or uptake from dead cells.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the cell wall composition in Bacteria and Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria contain peptidoglycan, Archaea do not.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why atoms with a full valence shell are chemically inert?

Accepted Answer

They have no tendency to gain or lose electrons.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life application of hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

The cohesion of water molecules, allowing insects to walk on water

LEC 2: Classification of Life, Domains, and the Chemical Basis of Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards