Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis stores energy in organic molecules, while cellular respiration releases that energy to produce ATP.

Question 2

During glycolysis (see image 2), what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Referencing image 3, what are the products of pyruvate oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl CoA, CO$$_2$$, and NADH

Question 4

In the citric acid cycle (image 4), which molecule is regenerated at the end of each cycle to combine with Acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

Oxaloacetate

Question 5

Based on image 5, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 6

According to image 6, how does ATP synthase generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

By allowing protons (H$$^+) to $$flow down their gradient, catalyzing the formation of ATP from ADP and P$$_i$$

Question 7

Refer to image 7. What determines whether pyruvate undergoes fermentation or enters the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

The presence or absence of oxygen

Question 8

In image 8, which molecule acts as an allosteric inhibitor of phosphofructokinase (PFK) in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 9

Based on image 9, what is the effect of feedback inhibition on cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It slows or stops certain steps of cellular respiration when ATP levels are high.

Question 10

According to image 10, what is the main purpose of fermentation in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue

Question 11

In image 11, what is the end product of fermentation in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Lactate

Question 12

Referencing image 12, which complex in the electron transport chain is responsible for transferring electrons from NADH to the chain?

Accepted Answer

Complex I

Question 13

Using the ATP yield table (image 13), how many ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

$$12$$ ATP

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why oxygen is required for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing for the production of water and ATP.

Question 15

If a poison blocks the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain, what immediate effect would this have on ATP production?

Accepted Answer

ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation would decrease dramatically.

Question 16

Which process produces the most NADH per glucose molecule metabolized?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 17

What would happen to the proton gradient if the inner mitochondrial membrane became permeable to protons (H$$^+$$)?

Accepted Answer

The proton gradient would dissipate, and ATP synthesis would decrease.

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct result of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP production during glycolysis

Question 19

If NAD$$^+ is $$not regenerated during fermentation, what would happen to glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis would stop due to a lack of NAD$$^+ to $$accept electrons.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons (H$$^+) $$down their gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP

Comprehensive Study Guide: Energy, Enzymes, and Cellular Respiration

Study Guide - Practice Questions