Question 1

Which of the following best describes parthenogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A process where offspring are produced from unfertilized eggs, commonly seen in some arthropods and certain vertebrates.

Question 2

In mammals, which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in human spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Primary spermatocyte (diploid) → Secondary spermatocyte (haploid) → Spermatid (haploid)

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why testes descend into the scrotum before birth in humans?

Accepted Answer

To allow sperm to develop at a temperature lower than core body temperature.

Question 5

Which reproductive strategy is characterized by fertilized eggs being retained inside the parent, with nourishment coming from the egg yolk or cannibalism, but not directly from the parent?

Accepted Answer

Ovoviviparity

Question 6

In the bluehead wrasse, what is the term for the phenomenon where females can become males, often in response to social cues?

Accepted Answer

Sequential hermaphroditism

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a method of contraception that acts prior to implantation?

Accepted Answer

Vasectomy

Question 8

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland in the regulation of male reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the acrosome in human sperm?

Accepted Answer

It contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the egg.

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-world example of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD)?

Accepted Answer

Sex of many reptiles, such as turtles, is determined by the temperature at which eggs are incubated.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of the corpus luteum in the human ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

It secretes estrogen and progesterone to maintain the endometrium.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the evolution of internal fertilization and live birth in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

Internal fertilization and live birth have evolved independently multiple times in vertebrate evolution.

Question 13

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of monotreme reproduction compared to other mammals?

Accepted Answer

They lay eggs instead of giving birth to live young.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of Sertoli cells in the testes?

Accepted Answer

They support and nourish developing sperm cells during spermatogenesis.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of reproductive strategy and animal group?

Accepted Answer

Oviparity – birds

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why only a few offspring of bony fish survive to maturity despite thousands of eggs being fertilized?

Accepted Answer

High predation and lack of parental care result in high mortality rates among eggs and larvae.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the hormone inhibin in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits the secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of parental investment in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A female tiger caring for her cubs after birth.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action for oral contraceptives?

Accepted Answer

They contain analogues of progesterone and sometimes estrogen, which prevent follicle development and ovulation.

Animal Reproduction and Reproductive Physiology

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