Question 1

In an ecosystem, if the producers contain 2000 J of energy, how much energy would be available to the tertiary consumers according to the 10% rule?

Accepted Answer

$$2 	ext{ J}$$

Question 2

Which organism in a food web is most likely to be considered a keystone species, and why?

Accepted Answer

A species whose removal causes the collapse of the ecosystem, such as Daphnia in aquatic systems.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cattle and cattle egrets?

Accepted Answer

Commensalism

Question 4

What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession?

Accepted Answer

Primary succession starts from bare rock and no soil, while secondary succession occurs where soil remains after a disturbance.

Question 5

Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic eruption

Question 6

If a population of bacteria grows according to the logistic growth model, which equation best describes its growth?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{dN}{dt} = rN \left(1 - \frac{N}{K}\right)$$

Question 7

Which macromolecule contains the elements C, H, O, N, and P?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid

Question 8

In the Chesapeake Bay food web, what would likely happen if all phytoplankton were removed?

Accepted Answer

Primary consumers would decrease, causing a collapse of higher trophic levels.

Question 9

Which process moves sodium ions from low concentration to high concentration across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 10

Which of the following is true about viruses?

Accepted Answer

They have a protein capsule and must invade host cells to reproduce.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why genetic variation decreases in a population after natural selection acts on it?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection eliminates alleles that decrease fitness, leaving fewer variants.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

They recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

Accepted Answer

Bees pollinating flowers and eating nectar

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

They are reactants in the Calvin cycle that provide energy for glucose synthesis.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the classification of Euglena?

Accepted Answer

Euglena have a cellulose cell wall and chloroplasts, making them more similar to plants.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of the 10% rule in ecology?

Accepted Answer

10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of increased deforestation as shown in the provided graphs?

Accepted Answer

Increase in habitat loss and species extinctions

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why birds and reptiles are placed in separate classes in modern classification, despite fossil evidence of a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

Modern classification uses both physical traits and genetic evidence, while fossil evidence shows evolutionary relationships.

Ecology and Review: Energy Flow, Population Dynamics, and Biological Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards