Question 1

Which environmental factor has the strongest effect on the distribution of terrestrial organisms, such as the tiny frog shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

Climate, including temperature and precipitation

Question 2

Which level of ecological research would focus on how flamingos select a mate?

Accepted Answer

Organismal ecology

Question 3

A scientist is studying the effect of nutrient runoff from farmland on the productivity of a nearby lake. Which level of ecological research does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Landscape ecology

Question 4

Which equation best represents the relationship between solar energy and the intensity of sunlight at different latitudes?

Accepted Answer

$$ I = S \cdot \cos(	heta) $$

Question 5

Which biome is characterized by high animal diversity, vertical layering of vegetation, and constant high rainfall?

Accepted Answer

Tropical rain forest

Question 6

What is the primary adaptation of desert plants that allows them to survive in their environment?

Accepted Answer

Reduced leaf surface area and water storage

Question 7

Which process is responsible for the cooling effect of forests on local climate?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Question 8

A mountain range creates a rain shadow effect. What is the expected climate on the leeward side of the mountain?

Accepted Answer

Warm and dry

Question 9

Which equation describes the change in average global temperature since 1900, given a linear increase?

Accepted Answer

$$ \Delta T = 0.9$$^{\circ}$$C $$

Question 10

Which aquatic zone receives the most light and supports the highest rates of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Photic zone

Question 11

Which type of lake is most likely to experience oxygen depletion in deeper layers due to high rates of decomposition?

Accepted Answer

Eutrophic lake

Question 12

What is the main threat to coral reef ecosystems as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Overfishing, global warming, pollution, and aquaculture

Question 13

Which biome is maintained by frequent fires and is threatened by cattle ranching and overhunting?

Accepted Answer

Savanna

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between the rate of photosynthetic productivity ($$P) $$and light intensity ($$I) in $$aquatic ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

$$ P \propto I $$

Question 15

Which biome is described as having cold winters, hot summers, and dominant plants adapted to droughts and fire?

Accepted Answer

Temperate grassland

Question 16

What is the effect of deforestation on local climate, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Higher temperatures and reduced precipitation

Question 17

Which aquatic biome is described as being among the most productive, supporting plants adapted to water-saturated soil, and helping to purify water and reduce flooding?

Accepted Answer

Wetland

Question 18

Which equation would you use to estimate the northward shift in geographic range ($$\Delta x) of a $$butterfly species given a warming of $$\Delta T$$ degrees Celsius, if the shift is proportional to temperature change?

Accepted Answer

$$ \Delta x = k \cdot \Delta T $$

Question 19

Which biome is dominated by evergreen conifers, has cold winters, and is the largest terrestrial biome on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Northern coniferous forest (taiga)

Question 20

Which aquatic zone is located at a depth of 2,000–6,000 m and is characterized by little light and high pressure?

Accepted Answer

Abyssal zone

Ecology: The Study of Interactions and Biomes

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