Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'descent with modification' as proposed by Darwin?

Accepted Answer

Species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over generations.

Question 2

A population of 500 wildflowers has the following genotype counts: 320 red (CRCR), 160 pink (CRCW), and 20 white (CWCW). What is the frequency of the CR allele in this population?

Accepted Answer

$$0.8$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a condition required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Question 4

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of allele $$A is$$ $$p = 0.7$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes ($$Aa$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$0.42$$

Question 5

Which evolutionary mechanism consistently leads to adaptive evolution?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 6

A population of beetles is exposed to a new pesticide. After several generations, only beetles with a rare allele survive and reproduce. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Directional selection

Question 7

Which of the following statements about genetic drift is correct?

Accepted Answer

It can cause harmful alleles to become fixed.

Question 8

Which scenario best illustrates the founder effect?

Accepted Answer

A few birds colonize a new island, and their descendants have different allele frequencies than the original population.

Question 9

Why is the statement 'Antibiotics have created drug resistance in MRSA' inaccurate?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics select for pre-existing resistant bacteria, not create resistance.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of homology?

Accepted Answer

The forelimbs of a human and the forelimbs of a whale

Question 11

A population of insects has two color morphs: green and brown. Birds preferentially eat the intermediate color morph. Over time, only green and brown morphs remain. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Disruptive selection

Question 12

Which process tends to reduce genetic differences between populations?

Accepted Answer

Gene flow

Question 13

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection to operate?

Accepted Answer

There is heritable genetic variation in the population.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why populations, not individuals, evolve?

Accepted Answer

Evolution is the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations.

Question 15

A population of 1000 individuals has two alleles at a locus: $$A$$ and $$a. If$$ $$p = 0.6$$ and $$q = 0.4$$, what is the expected frequency of genotype $$aa$$ under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$0.16$$

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A heritable trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence if the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium does NOT hold for a population?

Accepted Answer

Allele and genotype frequencies change over generations.

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible outcome of a population bottleneck?

Accepted Answer

Loss of rare alleles and reduced genetic variation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the unity and diversity of life as explained by evolution?

Accepted Answer

Shared ancestry results in similarities, while adaptation to different environments leads to diversity.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of how molecular and biophysical life sciences (MBLS) benefit from evolutionary theory?

Accepted Answer

Choosing the best model organism for a genetic experiment based on evolutionary relationships

Evolution: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Population Genetics

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