Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of apical meristems in plants?

Accepted Answer

They are responsible for the plant's primary growth, increasing length at root and shoot tips.

Question 2

A plant cell is observed to have a thick secondary cell wall, is dead at maturity, and provides structural support. Which cell type is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Sclerenchyma cell

Question 3

Which of the following statements about plant cell walls is correct?

Accepted Answer

All plant cells have a primary cell wall, but only some have a secondary cell wall containing lignin.

Question 4

A student observes a plant tissue under the microscope and notes the presence of large, spherical cells with thin walls and many chloroplasts. Which function is most likely associated with these cells?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why plants can theoretically grow indefinitely?

Accepted Answer

Plants retain meristematic tissue throughout their lives, allowing for indeterminate growth.

Question 6

Which plant cell type is alive at maturity, lacks a nucleus, and is responsible for food transport in the phloem?

Accepted Answer

Sieve tube member

Question 7

A cross-section of a dicot stem shows a ring of vascular bundles. Which tissue is responsible for producing secondary xylem and phloem during secondary growth?

Accepted Answer

Vascular cambium

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in plant cell differentiation and dedifferentiation?

Accepted Answer

Meristem cell divides → specialized cell forms → specialized cell dedifferentiates → meristem cell forms

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of lenticels in woody stems?

Accepted Answer

They allow for gas exchange between internal tissues and the external environment.

Question 10

A plant tissue sample is stained with safranin O and shows red-stained, elongated cells with thick walls. What is the most likely identity of these cells?

Accepted Answer

Sclerenchyma fibers

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of annual rings ($$n) $$and the age of a tree ($$A) in $$years, assuming one ring forms per year?

Accepted Answer

$$A = n$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of parenchyma cells in plants?

Accepted Answer

Water conduction

Question 13

A plant is able to regenerate a whole new shoot from a leaf cutting in tissue culture. Which property of plant cells does this demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

Totipotency

Question 14

Which of the following best distinguishes vessel members from tracheids in xylem tissue?

Accepted Answer

Vessel members are wider and have perforation plates at their ends, while tracheids are narrower and have tapered ends.

Question 15

Which of the following tissues is responsible for the formation of lateral roots in dicot plants?

Accepted Answer

Pericycle

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct match between plant tissue and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Phloem – transport of organic nutrients

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why sclereids contribute to the gritty texture of some fruits, such as guava?

Accepted Answer

Sclereids have thick, lignified secondary cell walls that remain after the cell dies, providing a hard texture.

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the organization of tissues in a typical dicot stem?

Accepted Answer

Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, with xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between primary and secondary growth in plants?

Accepted Answer

Primary growth increases length via apical meristems, while secondary growth increases girth via lateral meristems.

Flowering Plant Anatomy: Structure, Function, and Diversity of Plant Cells and Tissues

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