Q: Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 2

A mutation changes a single nucleotide in the coding region of a gene, but the amino acid sequence of the protein remains unchanged. What type of mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Silent mutation

Question 3

Which of the following statements about transcription in eukaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors are required for RNA polymerase binding to the promoter.

Question 4

A gene has the following template DNA sequence: $$3'-TACGGTACG-5'. $$What is the corresponding mRNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

$$5'-AUGCCAUGC-3'$$

Question 5

Which of the following modifications occur to eukaryotic pre-mRNA before it leaves the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 6

What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Accepted Answer

It links a tRNA to its corresponding amino acid.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a normal feature of prokaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Poly-A tail

Question 8

A point mutation changes a codon from $$UAC ($$tyrosine) to $$UAA ($$stop). What is the consequence of this mutation?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Question 9

Which of the following is the best example of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Mouse fur color results from pigment formed by gene-encoded enzymes.

Question 10

Which of the following components does NOT form part of the transcription initiation complex at a eukaryotic promoter?

Accepted Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 11

During translation, where would you expect to find a tRNA attached to a single amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A site

Question 12

Which of the following terms does NOT directly pertain to translation?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

It is ambiguous; a codon may specify more than one amino acid.

Question 14

In which group of organisms would you expect to see polyribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Both

Question 15

A mutation causes the insertion of two nucleotides into the coding region of a gene. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift mutation

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the 5' cap and poly-A tail added to eukaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Directly catalyze peptide bond formation during translation

Question 17

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Question 18

Which of the following is a possible consequence of a mutation in the promoter region of a gene?

Accepted Answer

The gene may not be transcribed efficiently, reducing protein production.

Question 19

Which of the following statements comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase requires a primer in bacteria; in eukaryotes, it does not.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why a single gene can code for multiple proteins in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Alternative RNA splicing allows different combinations of exons to be joined.

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein (Campbell Biology, Ch. 17) – Study Notes

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