Question 1

In pedigree A, what is the most likely mode of inheritance for the condition shown, based on the distribution of affected individuals?

Accepted Answer

an autosomal recessive allele

Question 2

In pedigree B, what is the most likely mode of inheritance for the condition shown, given that only males are affected and the trait skips generations?

Accepted Answer

an X-linked recessive allele

Question 3

Given the Punnett square for the cross $$Aa 	imes AA$$, what is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous dominant?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 4

If a diploid organism has 4 pairs of chromosomes, how many double-stranded DNA molecules are present in a cell during G2 phase?

Accepted Answer

16

Question 5

A woman with genotype $$IB\ i\ R\ r$$ and a man with genotype $$IA\ i\ R\ r$$ are planning to have children. What is the probability that their first child will have type A negative blood?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 6

A gardener grows thousands of genetically identical plants, but some produce orange flowers while most produce yellow. What best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

environmental factors influence flower color

Question 7

Linked genes are found close together on the same chromosome. What is a consequence of this?

Accepted Answer

the alleles on a chromosome are passed on together instead of following Mendel's law of independent assortment

Question 8

A research team finds a polygenic trait in Arctic ground squirrels influenced by five genes on separate chromosomes. Which statement is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Inheritance of this trait would follow Mendel's laws, but would require considering the outcome of the cross for all five genes.

Question 9

An animal with genotype $$BbEe$$ produces gametes. What are the possible genotypes of the gametes?

Accepted Answer

BE, Be, bE, be

Question 10

A student wants to determine if a blue-flowered plant (blue is dominant to purple) is homozygous or heterozygous. What should they cross it with?

Accepted Answer

a purple plant

Question 11

An animal has genotype $$Aa. $$Why is only one of the parent's two alleles passed on to an offspring?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes, so only one allele for each gene is passed on.

Question 12

A diploid animal is heterozygous for a fur color gene ($$Oo). $$Which of the following statements is accurate?

Accepted Answer

all of these are true

Question 13

A couple is concerned about agammaglobulinemia (AGM), an X-linked recessive condition. The woman is $$X^A X^a$$ and the man is $$X^A Y. $$What is the probability their first child will have AGM?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 14

For the same couple as above, what is the probability that an XY son will have AGM?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 15

For the same couple as above, what is the probability that an XX daughter will have AGM?

Accepted Answer

$$0$$

Question 16

In birds, Z and W chromosomes determine sex. ZZ is male, ZW is female. If a ZFZf male mates with a ZFW female, what is the expected ratio of offspring phenotypes?

Accepted Answer

1/2 fluffy males : 0 smooth males : 1/4 fluffy females : 1/4 smooth females

Genetics and Inheritance Patterns: Study Guidance

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