Question 1

Which of the following best describes a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

A cell with two of each chromosome.

Question 2

Refer to the diagram of homologous chromosomes. Which allele combination is LEAST likely to be found after crossing over, assuming random crossing over?

Accepted Answer

A, B, D, e

Question 3

Which of the following is a similarity between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Both processes are preceded by interphase and chromosome duplication.

Question 4

In the plant life cycle diagram, which stages are diploid (2N)?

Accepted Answer

Zygote and sporophyte

Question 5

In the animal life cycle diagram, which stages are haploid (1N)?

Accepted Answer

Egg and sperm

Question 6

Which arrows in the plant life cycle diagram represent meiosis?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 7

Which of the following events contributes to genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

Accepted Answer

All of these

Question 8

A cell undergoes meiosis. During meiosis II, one pair of sister chromatids fails to separate. What is the result in the four daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Two normal haploid cells, one haploid with one missing chromosome, and one haploid with one extra chromosome.

Question 9

When a human parent produces offspring by sexual reproduction, what happens to their chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

The parent passes on one chromosome from each pair to the offspring.

Question 10

Which cellular process is responsible for Mendel's Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 11

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a nonfunctional chloride channel. How are the T and t alleles different?

Accepted Answer

The T and t alleles are different DNA code at the same gene.

Question 12

Which processes use the information in the alleles (T or t) to make a protein?

Accepted Answer

Transcription and translation

Question 13

Why is the T allele dominant in cystic fibrosis, and only individuals with the genotype tt develop the disease?

Accepted Answer

T results in functional ion channels in TT and Tt individuals.

Question 14

In a breed of dog, black (B) is dominant and brown (b) is recessive. If two Bb dogs are crossed, what is the expected genotype frequency in their offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4} BB : \frac{1}{2} Bb : \frac{1}{4} bb$$

Question 15

In a breed of dog, black (B) is dominant and brown (b) is recessive. If a Bb dog is crossed with a bb dog, what is the expected phenotype frequency in their offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$ black : $$\frac{1}{2}$$ brown

Question 16

In a species of beetle, antenna length and dot presence are determined by two unlinked genes. If a beetle with genotype AaDd is crossed with a beetle with genotype AADd, what is the probability that their first offspring will be plain (no dots) with medium antennae?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{8}$$

Question 17

In a species of plant, R codes for red flowers and r codes for yellow flowers. If two plants produce 320 red-flowered and 103 yellow-flowered offspring, what are the most likely genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Rr and Rr

Question 18

Researchers cross GGTT plants with ggtt plants to produce GgTt offspring. Crossing GgTt with ggtt produces more parental-type phenotypes than expected. What does this suggest about the genes?

Accepted Answer

The color and flower position genes are close together on the same chromosome.

Question 19

Which formula represents the expected genotype ratio for a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Genetics, Meiosis, and Mendelian Inheritance: Step-by-Step Study Guidance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards