Q: The net chemical equation for cellular respiration is:

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{Energy (ATP + Heat)}$$

Question 1

Which type of muscle fiber is most abundant in the legs of a marathon runner, and what is the primary metabolic pathway used by these fibers to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Slow muscle fibers; aerobic respiration

Question 2

A sprinter relies on which muscle fiber type for short bursts of intense activity, and what is a key metabolic byproduct that can cause muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Fast muscle fibers; lactate

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of myoglobin in slow muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

It carries oxygen, supporting aerobic respiration.

Question 4

The net chemical equation for cellular respiration is:

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + Heat)}$$

Question 5

During a redox reaction, which statement is correct regarding the electron donor and acceptor?

Accepted Answer

The electron donor is oxidized and the electron acceptor is reduced.

Question 6

In the reaction between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) to form table salt, which element acts as the reducing agent?

Accepted Answer

Sodium, because it loses an electron.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why organic molecules rich in hydrogen are considered excellent fuels?

Accepted Answer

Their bonds contain electrons at high energy levels that can be transferred to oxygen.

Question 8

A person is running at 7 minutes per mile pace. According to the provided table, approximately how many kilocalories would a 67.5-kg person burn in 2 hours of this activity?

Accepted Answer

1,730 kcal

Question 9

Which of the following statements about fast muscle fibers is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They are specialized for endurance activities.

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the gradual release of energy from glucose in cellular respiration, preventing a sudden release of energy?

Accepted Answer

The presence of activation energy barriers lowered by enzymes

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between redox reactions involving ionic bonds and those involving covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve a complete transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve a change in electron sharing.

Question 12

Which acronym helps you remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction?

Accepted Answer

OIL RIG

Question 13

If a molecule acts as an oxidizing agent in a redox reaction, what happens to it?

Accepted Answer

It gains electrons and is reduced.

Question 14

During the reaction between methane ($$\mathrm{CH_4$}) $$and oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$}$$), what happens to the oxygen atoms?

Accepted Answer

They are reduced by gaining electrons.

Question 15

Which of the following activities would consume the most energy per hour for a 67.5-kg person, based on the provided table?

Accepted Answer

Running (7 min/mile)

Question 16

Why do fast muscle fibers appear paler than slow muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

They have less myoglobin.

Question 17

Which statement best explains why training cannot usually turn a sprinter into a marathon runner?

Accepted Answer

The proportion of slow and fast muscle fibers is largely genetically determined.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of the relationship between oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation and reduction always occur together because electrons lost by one substance are gained by another.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy, allowing glucose to be oxidized in small steps.

Question 20

A turkey's leg muscles are an example of which type of muscle fiber, and why?

Accepted Answer

Slow muscle fibers, because they are used for sustained activity and have high myoglobin content.

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy: Muscle Fiber Types, Redox Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards