Question 1

Which of the following best describes the term 'biology' based on its Greek roots?

Accepted Answer

The study of life

Question 2

Which of the following is the smallest, most basic unit of life?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Question 3

A scientist observes that a certain plant species can survive in both wet and dry environments. This is an example of which characteristic of life?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to move independently

Question 5

Arrange the following in the correct order of life’s organizational hierarchy from smallest to largest: Cell, Organ, Population, Ecosystem, Biosphere.

Accepted Answer

Cell → Organ → Population → Ecosystem → Biosphere

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emergent properties?

Accepted Answer

A group of molecules forming a living cell capable of metabolism

Question 7

Natural selection requires which of the following conditions?

$$	ext{I. Genetic variation} \
	ext{II. Selective pressure} \
	ext{III. Differential reproductive success}$$

Accepted Answer

I, II, and III

Question 8

A population of insects is exposed to a new pesticide. Over several generations, most of the population becomes resistant to the pesticide. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 9

Which branch of biology is primarily concerned with the classification, identification, and naming of organisms?

Accepted Answer

Taxonomy

Question 10

Which of the following kingdoms is NOT part of the Eukarya domain?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom Eubacteria

Question 11

Autotrophs are organisms that:

Accepted Answer

Obtain energy from sunlight or inorganic chemicals

Question 12

In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth, the amount of fertilizer added is the:

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 13

A scientist observes that a lamp does not work. According to the scientific method, what is the next step?

Accepted Answer

Ask a question

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the cell theory is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

All cells arise spontaneously

Question 15

In a controlled experiment, which group receives no treatment and is used to prevent false positives?

Accepted Answer

Negative control group

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A testable and falsifiable explanation for an observation

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Data Analysis → Conclusion → Peer Review & Publish

Question 18

A scientist wants to test the effect of temperature on bacterial growth. What is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial growth

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a positive control in an experiment testing a new drug?

Accepted Answer

A group receiving a drug known to be effective

Question 20

Which of the following best describes evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Populations change in genetic composition over generations due to differential survival and reproduction

Introduction to Biology: The Science of Life

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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