Q: Which of the following is a real-world example of an ionic bond?

The bond between sodium and chlorine in table salt ($$\text{NaCl})$$

Question 1

Which two theories are considered central to the study of biology?

Accepted Answer

theory of evolution and cell theory

Question 2

A group of snails in Alaska show variation in shell thickness depending on whether fish are present. Which of the following is a proximate explanation for thicker shells in snails where fish are present?

Accepted Answer

A chemical from the fish triggers a change in shell thickness, resulting in thickening of shells when fish are present.

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

electrons

Question 4

What is the mass and charge of a neutron?

Accepted Answer

mass: $$1$$ amu, charge: $$0$$

Question 5

An atom with atomic number $$6$$ and atomic mass $$12 is $$neutral. How many protons, neutrons, electrons, and valence electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$ protons, $$6$$ neutrons, $$6$$ electrons, $$4$$ valence electrons

Question 6

Refer to the first image. Which molecule shows each atom with the correct number of bonds?

Accepted Answer

Molecule 1

Question 7

What is the primary factor that determines whether an ionic, polar covalent, or non-polar covalent bond occurs between two atoms?

Accepted Answer

the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms

Question 8

Given the following pairs of atoms, what type of bond forms between them? Carbon (electronegativity $$2.55) $$and hydrogen (electronegativity $$2.2).$$

Accepted Answer

non-polar covalent

Question 9

True or false: The diagrams in the second image are different ways of representing the same molecule.

Accepted Answer

true

Question 10

An ion is a(n) _________.

Accepted Answer

atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

Question 11

In the third image, which atoms appear to be involved in a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with partial charges (e.g., $$\delta^+$$ and $$\delta^-)$$

Question 12

Which types of bonds are responsible for joining atoms together to form molecules?

Accepted Answer

polar covalent and non-polar covalent

Question 13

A neutral atom with atomic number $$9$$ and atomic mass $$19$$ gains one electron. What is its new charge and how many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

charge $$-1$$, $$10$$ electrons

Question 14

Potassium (electronegativity $$0.82) $$and chlorine (electronegativity $$3.16) $$form a bond. What type of bond is this?

Accepted Answer

ionic

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the relationship between electronegativity and bond type?

Accepted Answer

A large difference in electronegativity results in an ionic bond.

Question 16

Which molecule in the first image contains a double bond?

Accepted Answer

Molecule 4

Question 17

If an atom has $$4$$ valence electrons, what is the maximum number of covalent bonds it can form?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between sodium and chlorine in table salt ($$	ext{NaCl})$$

Question 19

Which molecule in the second image is methanol ($$	ext{CH}_3	ext{OH}$$)?

Accepted Answer

The last molecule

Key Concepts in Introductory Biology: Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules

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